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Some of the subjects in the Guatemalan experiments

The Guatemala Inoculation Experiments

… the dangers involved in allowing scientific knowledge and national security to justify what the New York Times  … when they were accidentally discovered in 2010. The U.S. National Institutes of Health and the Pan American Sanitary … need to be continually re-examined and enforced (even when national security is raised as the justification). Also, …
Burning ships after the Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor.

Not Only Action but Accountability

… America’s growing vulnerabilities. The U.S. Commission on National Security/21st century, a task force chaired by … were needed in intelligence methods, in the structure of national security agencies and in government preparation to … stressed that homeland  security is not peripheral to U.S. national security but central to it. Prophetically, the …
Chinese women putting up posters on a wall

Modern China and Its Institutions

Review of Making China Modern: From the Great Qing to Xi Jinping, by Klaus Mühlhahn (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019)
… to resist the West. Neo-Confucianism would be replaced by nationalist thought, which would bring down the Qing Empire … would carry into the Communist Era. Sun Yat-Sen deified nationalist thought and Chiang Kai-Shek built a strong … that threatened his rule. Mühlhahn points to the Sino-Soviet Split as a crucial moment: it spurred Mao to launch …
Anti-draft protest outside the Department of Justice in 1967.

The Draft — for Democracy

… Vietnam-era draft, which all would agree fell short as a national policy. The draft system of the 1960s and 1970s … connections, such as George W. Bush, snatched up scarce National Guard commissions that enabled them to avoid the … II, despite segregation. And Irish Americans served in the Union army in high numbers during theÝ Civil War, even …
a man standing on a large bomb

Fifty Years Later, We Still Need to Learn to Love the Bomb

… feuds culminate in a lone U.S. plane flying low over the Soviet countryside, determined to drop its nuclear payload onto a Soviet military base. They succeed, and in doing so set off … around the world. … Aaron George … Milestones … Global/Transnational … Cold War … Nuclear Power & Weapons … …
Cartoon from Puck: The Bosses of the Senate

Buying American Elections?

… discussion is this: do huge bags of money really affect national politics as much as many fear? The answer is more … work on election day. We could say this one lasts until, national level 1880s, 90ish, local state level longer than … brief period of time, beginning in the mid-70s, when in the national level, there was a kind of a Rube Goldberg …
Joel Roberts Poinsett on a background of poinsettias.

Poinsettia Day, the Monroe Doctrine, and U.S.-Mexican Relations

… convinced him that the United States should have a national museum to display the expanding government … y Caribeña  (Dec. 2015) Torcuato S. Di Tella,  National Popular Politics in Early Independent Mexico, … … Milestones … United States … Mexico … Diplomacy/International Relations … U.S. Politics … South & Central America …
Sheikha Mozah

Beyond the Veil: Women in the Mideast and North Africa

… society. I just want to give you an example. In 2010, the National Assembly and the Senate of France passed an act … was prevented from taking her oath in the Turkish National Assembly, because she was wearing a headscarf and … a way to move forward after seeing that many of these Arab nationalism and many of these regimes have failed to provide …
Atomic bomb damage on Hiroshima gas building.

Time to Confront the Ethics of Hiroshima

… the 1950s. A 1958 editorial in William F. Buckley, Jr.'s National Review took former President Truman to task for his … of having used atomic weapons against civilians. As a 1959 National Review article matter-of-factly stated: "The … the atomic bombing of Hiroshima is becoming a part of the national conservative creed." But times change. In recent …
A tractor purchased through the Marshall Plan for France.

Grand Fenwick, Afghanistan and Iraq

… before the war. Moreover, Western Europe remained safe from Soviet domination and was America’s best trading partner for … not poor. And while Peter Sellers in drag is a preposterous national leader, Saddam Hussein is a seriously murderous … M. Schocket is author of “Founding Corporate Power in Early National Philadelphia” and director of American Culture …
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was one of the bloodiest in history: 8 million people lost their lives in Europe's deadliest religious conflict.

Secularism, Past and Future

Review of Secularism: Politics, Religion, and Freedom, by Andrew Copson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017)
… 1949, adopted after Gandhi has been assassinated by a Hindu nationalist, enshrined the elements of secularism in law. … particular faith. When the University of Texas surveyed 195 national constitutions from around the world, researchers … are as unexpected as they are frightening. 70 out of 195 national constitutions might be seen as a glass half full, …

Taiwan's 2008 Elections: A New Direction for the 'Other China'?

… of the year. In January, the opposition KMT (Kuomintang or Nationalist Party) had won the year's first crushing victory … As a teenager, he studied communism and engineering in the Soviet Union, and married a native Belarusian, who the Chinese …
Egyptian Leader Gamal Abdel-Nasser

Egypt Once Again Bans the Muslim Brotherhood, Sixty Years Later

… which he said would usher in a new era of independence and national sovereignty for his country. The British occupation … almost entirely on their ability to assert Egypt’s national aspirations, so a changed relationship with Britain … and politics, but it also has had a long history of nationalism and anti-colonial activism. In early 1950’s, the …

A History of Stolen Citizenship

… worked in ways that resembled slavery. This added up to a nationalization of the southern idea that all of those who … state, or selling their labor to manufacturers, became a national phenomenon. Inmates at a Washington State prison … spread to more states. All of the new states added to the union between 1889 and 1912, except Utah, enacted lifelong …
American Union Bank, New York City. April 26, 1932.

The Bailout: A Far Cry from Socialism

… Bush and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson joined an international effort to help troubled banks by buying stock in … banks were owned partly by either state governments or the national government. These included the first Bank of the … M. Schocket is author of “Founding Corporate Power in Early National Philadelphia” and director of American Culture …
President Gerald Ford in 1975.

The Forgotten Virtues of Gerald Ford

… political opponents, angered many Americans and gouged deep national wounds. The Vietnam War bitterly divided the … eloquent inaugural address, declaring that “our long national nightmare is over.” Three days after taking office, …
John Quincy Adams.

WikiLeaks Reveals a Professionalism of Recent Vintage in the History of American Diplomacy

… diplomats and their allies, even as they threatened U.S. national security. Ultimately, it would take the … posts as money-makers, even when this conflicted with U.S. national security, as in the case of the trans-Atlantic … United States … U.S. Laws and Legislation … Diplomacy/International Relations … WikiLeaks Reveals a Professionalism of …
The Palins and McCains in Fairfax, Virginia, September 2008.

Why the Sarah Palin Gamble Didn’t Pay Off

… and able Senate leader who has performed well in the national spotlight. Obama’s carefully considered selection … quickly demonstrated that she possessed little knowledge of national and international issues.   Even conservative columnists criticized …
The Statue of Liberty in New York City.

Where Will “Liberation” Lead?

… dared to undertake a comprehensive land reform campaign, nationalize corporate property and open diplomatic relations … up to overthrow them. Yet that bastion of communism, the Soviet Union, a few years later turned toward the liberal reforms …
The ship Ile de Sein laying fiber-optic cable off the west coast of Canada, 2007.

From the Transatlantic Telephone to the iPhone

… long-distance communication really begins with the Western Union post-diggers who laid the first American … in some ways dated back to the telegraphic age of Western Union in the 1860s) to help construct a new communication … our world today. … Bart Elmore … Milestones … Global/Transnational … Science & Technology … Internet … Atlantic … From …
Woodrow Wilson in 1911.

The Peril of Absolute Power

… argued that only a balance of power among states, the international equivalent of checks and balances, would preserve … leaders and diplomats once celebrated: the idea of an international order premised on law. Law protects the weak who … what would become the League of Nations, to adjudicate international conflicts according to higher principles. Americans …
Riot police officers in Kyiv, December 2013

A Postcard from Kyiv: A Year of Reckoning for Ukraine

… tensions between Russia and the United States/European Union that are reminiscent of the darkest of Cold War days. … a similar question after World War II. He was a critic of National Socialism at the dawn of Hitler's career. In …