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A Fresh Start for Pakistan?

… in 1947, Pakistan’s political elites have faced regional, communal, and religious obstacles to building a stable, … Beginning: Independence and Partition Salmon Rushdie has famously described Pakistan as “a place … … underrepresented in army officer ranks as well as the civil service. And the national capital had been placed in West …
Illustration of the duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr (1887)

The Hamilton-Burr Duel

… in American history. Burr fatally wounded Hamilton, who died the next day. Hamilton’s premature death transformed … of Lin Manuel Miranda’s musical Hamilton , he has also become a pop culture icon. Meanwhile, as the character of … from the sting of defeat and the public dishonor that accompanied it, Burr wanted to dishonor Hamilton in return. …
Crowd photo at the 2017 Women's March in Washington DC

The Way We Never Were (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 1)

… Revolution--and learn that women in America have never been completely united.  … Trump. Think pieces blossomed overnight, denouncing the complicity and betrayal of white women to the feminist … Take, for instance, Abigail Adams’s famous “Remember the Ladies” letter, in which she implored her husband, John Adams, …
Queen Elizabeth I in Parliament

The Pandora’s Box of Religious Pluralism in the English Reformation

Review of Heretics and Believers: A Short History of the English Reformation, by Peter Marshall New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017
… and religious images get out of hand: ‘he must be for all companies, and all men’s money.’” To the lay and scholastics alike, the first thoughts that come to mind when discussing the Reformation is almost never … In Part One, Marshall gives a broad overview of the Medieval Church . Marshall grounds the reader in important …
The Trials of Laura Fair by Carole Haber Book Cover.

A Woman Scorned?

Review of The Trials of Laura Fair: Sex, Murder, and Insanity in the Victorian West, by Carole Haber (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2013)
… a narrative worthy of the hype. Even if she had not committed and been tried for murder, Laura Fair would have … years of age, Laura found herself the widow of a man who died under unexplained circumstances in the midst of divorce … in the first place. Was insanity simply the inability to comprehend right and wrong? Or could a person be insane even …
An image showing slaves working on a plantation on the island of Antigua in the early 1800s.

After Abolition: Britain and the Slave Trade Since 1807

Review of After Abolition: Britain and the Slave Trade Since 1807, by Marika Sherwood (I.B. Tauris, 2007)
… slave trade. While the anniversary passed without too much comment in the United States, it was commemorated widely in … Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, is also a founding member of the Black & Asian Studies … slavery continued under other names as indentured service or forced labor. As late as 1948, colonial officials …
October 23, 1983, a massive explosion ripped through the barracks of the battalion landing team (BLT) of the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit at the Beirut International Airport.

Middle East Remains Unstable 30 Years after Attacks on Peacekeepers in Lebanon

… struck with the force of 21,000 pounds of TNT. 240 U.S. servicemen and one Lebanese custodian were killed in the … to achieve stability in the Middle East in the face of complex, multi-faceted challenges. With atrocities now … as its main base after being expelled from Jordan. Welcomed by Lebanon’s Muslims, the Maronites objected to their …
A card celebrating March 8 as International Women’s Day.

International Women's Day

… by the U.S. Socialist Party, it brought together an audience of 1,500 women who demanded economic and political … break with socialist tradition. Though ideologically committed to human equality, socialists had long argued that … On March 18, 1911, the fortieth anniversary of the Paris Commune, International Women’s Day was marked for the first …
Rio's Ipanema Beach

A Postcard from Brazil: The Old Struggle for a Better Future

… a man running for his life, I immediately knew the answer. "COME IN!" someone was yelling. I need not have been told; … already made my way back through the gate of the archive complex. A security guard gave me a glass of water and asked … fire, the Zika virus devastating thousands of families. It comes as no surprise that some Brazilians are questioning …
Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 1562 painting "The Triumph of Death" depicts the turmoil Europe experienced as a result of the plague.

The Black Death and its Aftermath

… came into Mediterranean ports by ship. But, it is also becoming clear that small pools of plague had been established … in Europe for centuries, apparently in wild rodent communities in the high passes of the Alps. The remains of … rural and urban: the daughter of King Edward III of England died of the plague in the summer of 1348. But quickly—at …
The Rodina crew. Left to right: Polina Osipenko, Valentina Grizodubova, and Marina Raskova.

The Rodina Flight

The Remarkable Story of the Women’s Non-Stop Long-Distance Flight Record
… miles in a straight line).  Plans for the women’s flight commenced three months earlier in August 1938. Valeriy … back to the Rodina crew, which had been located by rescue services days earlier. The navigator had somehow survived … 15. Shevchenko, Nikolay, “How Three Soviet Women Nearly Died Chasing their Aviation Dream, Gateway to Russia , …
Sonia Sotomayor, U.S. Supreme Court justice.

Attacks on Sotomayor Ignore Court’s History and Makeup

… process. What’s unusual is that conservatives are complaining about the Court at the same time they’re … the presidents who appointed them are gone, the Court’s composition frequently lags behind the country’s political … at Indiana University and a writer for the History News Service. …
Seal of the United States National Archives and Records Administration. The seal is described in 36 C.F.R. § 1200.2 as: The seal is centered on a disc with a double-line border. The words NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION encircle the inside of the seal and the date 1985 is at the bottom center.

Downgrading the Founders

… the charge went, this crime against the past was being committed by leftist academics out of touch with their … agency, the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, decided late in 1996, by a one-vote margin, to … in Washington, D.C., was co-founder of the History News Service. He is most recently the editor of A Century of …
President Richard Nixon in 1969.

The Broken Scandal-Reform Cycle

… Ever since Watergate, campaign finance reformers have come to expect great legislative victories in the wake of … For 25 years, parties, candidates, and other political committees have had to report their campaign contributions … historian in Washington, D.C., writes for the History News Service. …
Greek troops with a machine gun during the war

The Greco-Turkish War

… Greco-Turkish war erupted. The war resulted in the largest compulsory population exchange in history up to that time (2 … Reports soon circulated that these untrained volunteers committed acts of violence against their Muslim neighbors. … warfare slowed the Greek Army’s progression, and Greek soldiers’ acts of violence against Muslim villagers created …
A rendering of the Battle of Fort Pillow, also known as the Fort Pillow Massacre, which was fought on April 12, 1864 in Tennessee.  It ended with a massacre by Confederate soldiers of at least one hundred surrendered black troops serving the Union, exemplifying one of the Civil War's transgressions of the norms of warfare.

The American Civil War, Then and Now

Review of The War that Forged a Nation: Why the Civil War Still Matters, by James McPherson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015)
Coming to terms with the American Civil War is no easy task. … New historical estimates put the death toll at 750,000 soldiers, or 2.4% of the American population in 1860, which … the Pulitzer Prize-winning historian of the Civil War, has compiled a dozen of his essays into this short and engaging …
Cover of the Measure of Earth The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World by Larrie D. Ferreiro

Figuring Out the Shape of the World

Review of Measure of the Earth: The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World, by Larrie D. Ferreiro (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
… one requiring an almost obsessive attention to detail, a commitment to exacting measurements, and above all a patient … to measure accurately a degree of latitude at the equator. Comparing it with another measurement of latitude made in … of adventurers, officers, and scientists were assembled to complete a task intended to take only three years. Instead, …
In order, India’s Indira Gandhi, Pakistan’s Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, and Bangladesh’s Mujibur Rahman

After Midnight

Review of Midnight’s Descendants: A History of South Asia Since Partition, by John Keay (New York: Basic Books, 2014)
… Salman Rushdie’s novel Midnight’s Children features a memorable … of waterways serves as a metaphor for the subcontinent’s complicated post-colonial coming of age. Favoring academic history over Rushdie’s …
The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs Book Cover

The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism

Review of The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs (Viking Books, 2006)
… early in the nineteenth century, but whose adventures and accomplishments were so much admired they made him an … name. By one estimate, 20% of the world's fish catch comes from the extraordinary ecosystem called The Humboldt … an explorer into a conservationist. Alexander von Humboldt dies on p. 105 of this book, roughly a third of the way …
Six founders of the Algerian FLN: Rabah Bitat, Mostefa Ben Boulaïd, Didouche Mourad, Mohammed Boudiaf, Krim Belkacem and Larbi Ben M'Hidi, 1954

The Evian Accords: An Uncertain Peace

… That paper, simply entitled “Declarations Drawn up in Common Agreement,” was signed in a town on the French side … anticolonial war for Algerian independence that has since become immortalized in popular imagination by such cinematic … to be domestic disturbances by terrorists. French soldiers patrol the hills above Souk Ahras, Algeria (1958). On …
John Quincy Adams.

WikiLeaks Reveals a Professionalism of Recent Vintage in the History of American Diplomacy

… States. For the first century of U.S. history, the consular service was a haven for corruption, in which diplomats were … he spent the majority of his time working as a de facto commercial agent for the wealthy New England merchant … skills, U.S. foreign agents' lack of language fluency could complicate matters. On the other side of the Atlantic, the …