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Photo of A. Mitchell Palmer, a congressman from Pennsylvania who later became the U.S. Attorney General under President Woodrow Wilson.

Cracking Down on Dissent

… to keep close tabs on them. Spying on dissidents has become official policy since police departments were advised … I. Other “scares” followed. From 1938 to 1945 Rep. Martin Dies of Texas, no defender of civil liberties, chaired the House Un-American Activities Committee and pursued domestic “enemies.” With the onset of …

Refugees or Immigrants? The Migration Crisis in Europe in Historical Perspective

… threaten the cultural makeup of Europe due to the alleged incompatibility of the Islamic faith of the majority of new … linguistic, and religious differences? No conclusive studies compare Eastern and Western European attitudes toward … that when the world does not act, enormous human tragedies can occur. Arrival of Czech refugees in Prague, October …
Jean Leon Gerome Ferris's 1912 illustration, The First Thanksgiving, 1621

Now, About that First Thanksgiving Dinner…

… are uncertain. The only documentary evidence of the event comes from the journal of Plymouth Colony’s governor, Edward … that the historical evidence of Thanksgiving is not as compelling as the myths that cloud our memories. It’s too … Indigenous Communities …
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walking on the moon in 1969 with the American flag behind them.

Thirty Years since Apollo 11

… economic system. Apollo was also a stunning technological accomplishment. NASA moved in eight years from launching a man … last year, six American rockets, three military and three commercial, have failed, with a loss of more than $3 … demonstrate that interest in space exploration has never died. What is changing now is the economic and political …
A 1960s photo of a hallway inside the Philadelphia County Prison.

Have We Learned Nothing About Prisons?

… the world, trailing only Russia. The prison industry has become big business: billions of dollars are being spent on … reprisals and crackdowns on inmate reading material became common. Television replaced reading as the preferred source …
The colorful buildings of Tirana, viewed from the steps of the National Museum.

A Postcard from Tirana: Overcoming the Past

… dotted with reminders of this past, but the residents welcome visitors with true Albanian hospitality and intend to … dot the countryside today. After a 40-year rule, Hoxha died in 1985. With the revolutions of 1989 and the collapse … reminders of a communist past , the then Mayor of Tirana, Eddie Rama (now the country’s prime minister), began a …
Photo of the World Trade Towers after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.

The End of a “Safe America”

… buildings and a section of the Pentagon, on Sept. 11. Commentators have noted that the terrorists picked their … And when that style involves our shooting at others it becomes particularly problematic. U.S. warships lobbed shells … any other country in the world. Consequently, we ourselves come close to being a belligerent nation. It is time that we …
President George W. Bush in 2004.

When the Axis Was Truly Evil

… peace than Bush’s “axis of evil.” The president’s comments have led to denunciations from the three nations he … the president is issuing a legitimate warning to the world community or defining global enemies unilaterally and writing a blank check for the Pentagon. A comparison between the Axis that the United States and its …
 Monte Albán

Una Postal de Oaxaca, México

… impresionante, la ciudad de Oaxaca ofrece vistas de la compleja historia de México. En 1521, Hernán Cortés mando a … de la danza tradicional.  La Sierra Madre del Sur es como un paisaje a fondo de la ciudad colorida de Oaxaca. Los … Guerra Mundial, no habían muchas carreteras modernas que dieran servicio a los confines del sur del país. Asta hoy en …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… over the last four years.  The reasons for that are many, complex, and subject to change in the near and far future.  … Let’s remove one false idea right now:  Public subsidies support both carbon-based and alternative energy industries.  Subsidies for carbon-based fuels have been dropping , according …
U.S. Marine Barracks in Lebanon

Ten Terrorists Attacks in History

… by failing to address the problems in Russian society that compelled the radicals to violence, Russian leaders … condemned him for his willingness to work with Italy’s communist Party, an act that they believed would undermine … on September 11, 2001 and successfully carried out the bloodiest and most consequential terrorist act in history.  They …
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in 1964.

The (Character) Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.

… King. Jury selection began November 15. The case hardly comes as a surprise. In recent years, the King family has … a fairly straightforward case like the King assassination become complicated with such stale, predictable theories that it …
Thomas Jefferson

The Road to a New American Aristocracy

… that the blood in their veins distinguished them from the common herd. Despite the rhetoric about property rights that … this was a radical proposal. In the 18th century when a man died his estate often passed complete to his eldest son. This form of inheritance, known …
Pedro Albizu Campos, noted anti-imperialist, addressing a crowd in 1936

Reframing the American Empire

Review of How to Hide an Empire: A History of the Greater United States, by Daniel Immerwahr (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019)
… of overseas bases. These bases, in turn, became focal points from which American culture spread abroad. … to shape the present. This book is intended for a popular audience, but it has extensive archival work behind it. The … both in and outside of the United States. To write this comprehensive history, the author travelled to Alaska, …
WE.177A was an air-launched boosted fission weapon deployed by the UK

The Two Sides of the Nuclear Coin

… The Republican-dominated U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, a landmark measure negotiated … disarmament and other pledges made in the NPT. Ignoring the commitments made by his Democratic and Republican … “usable” nuclear weapons. Given this repudiation of NPT commitments, it’s not surprising that North Korea has pulled …
US propaganda leaflet used in Afghanistan, with bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri.

Fighting a Cold War Against Osama bin Laden

… today as American leaders assess Osama bin Laden’s latest communication. Bin Laden’s audio-taped message offered both … when bin Laden goes, as the Soviet Union did after Stalin died. Acheson had developed a plan based on long-range …
Oneida Nation Friendship Statue from The National Museum of the American Indian

3/31/14: How Historians Can Help Native Americans

… Useful for a Change: Historians and Modern Tribal Communities" Wednesday, March 26 at The  Ohio State … there is the short version of my course!  Dr. Edmunds points out a path for “useful” history:  developing … Rather, for academics-turned-consultants, the target audience is lawyers and judges.  The real question is how can …
San Francisco frae the Marin Heidlands, with the Gowden Gate Brig in the foregroond.

The Real West Is an Urban West

… sprawling suburbs on the Colorado plains, and multi-ethnic communities in Los Angeles, perhaps ending up with a latte … Professor in the Nohad A. Toulan School of Urban studies & Planning at Portland State University, Ore., and a …
Chinese women putting up posters on a wall

Modern China and Its Institutions

Review of Making China Modern: From the Great Qing to Xi Jinping, by Klaus Mühlhahn (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019)
… (1644-1912) to the present day. The book attempts to accomplish two tasks. First, it provides a general history of … the external influences that threatened his rule. Mühlhahn points to the Sino-Soviet Split as a crucial moment: it … wants to rewrite the general history of China for a broad audience, while emphasizing institutions’ role in regime …
Cover of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall by Mary Elise Sarotte.

…And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: A History of Contingency and Happenstance

Review of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall, by Mary Elise Sarotte New York: Basic Books, 2014.
… irrevocably porous. But the events of November 9 did not come from nowhere. The fall of the Berlin Wall—as detailed … she instead writes the history of serendipity whose outcome was far from predetermined, even if it seems so in … authority of East Germany’s Socialist Unity Party (SED) was compromised; the leadership’s attempts to rebuild were …
Taxation without Representation, Suffrage Collection.

Death, Taxes, and the American Founders

… the need for savings versus the need for resources for the common good.  For many of today's issues — such as Internet … Today Republicans would like to repeal the estate tax completely, while Democrats want to retain it.  The proposed … National Philadelphia” and director of American Culture Studies at Bowling Green State University. …