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Wedding rings.

Getting Government Out of Marriage, and Vice Versa

… According to the opponents of gay marriage, the Nov. 18 Massachusetts … the state kept out of the nuptial bed. On those occasions when couples decided to seek recognition for their union, it was from the clergy, not the government’s fee collector. In …
Bartolome de las Casas

Bartolomé de las Casas and 500 Years of Racial Injustice

… This year marks the 500-year anniversary of the pricking of one man's … Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, which was published during his lifetime (c. 1484–1566). Through … European empires paid little attention to this moral idea when so much wealth and power was at stake. This …
Cover of Vodka Politics by Mark Lawrence Schrad

Bottoms Up, or Race to the Bottom?

Review of Vodka Politics: Alcohol, Autocracy, and the Secret History of the Russian State, by Mark Lawrence Schrad (New York: Oxford UP, 2014)
October 23, 1983, a massive explosion ripped through the barracks of the battalion landing team (BLT) of the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit at the Beirut International Airport.

Middle East Remains Unstable 30 Years after Attacks on Peacekeepers in Lebanon

… a.m., October 23, 1983, a massive explosion ripped through the barracks of the battalion landing team (BLT) of the 24th … and one Lebanese custodian were killed in the attack. It was the greatest single-day loss of life for the Marine … Muslims, the Maronites objected to their presence. When violence broke out in 1975 after an unidentified gunman …
Cover of The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union by Serhii Plokhy

"The Greatest Geopolitical Catastrophe of the Century"

Review of The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union, by Serhii Plokhy (New York: Basic Books, 2014)
… by the Soviet Union’s ethnic patchwork. The watershed event was the three-day coup in August 1991. Gorbachev was on … forestall the referendum, among these Gorbachev himself and Leningrad mayor Anatoly Sobchak, who had among his protégés … looming the White House had no choice but to cut bait when it became clear that events in the Soviet Union were …
Schools often have dedicated computer labs which different classes share for studying and research.

The Fifth Wave?

… Is something odd happening to the American economy?        Alan Greenspan, chairman of the … on the short-term market. The problem is the same as it was for railroad executives in 1860 or industrialists in … the do-nothing administration of George Bush). So when Speaker Newt Gingrich talks about “techno-frontiers” …
Michelle Obama speaks at the 2008 Democratic National Convention

Superdelegates: An Obstacle on the Road to Democratic Elections

… Why’s that? Because the Democratic convention in Denver has the potential to … briefly with making the process more democratic. It was during that experiment, in 1976, that Washington … able to abide by legitimately achieved majority rule, even when the margin of victory was razor-thin. Superdelegates …
Cover of With Our Backs to the Wall Victory and Defeat in 1918 by David Stevenson.

The End of the War as They Knew It

Review of With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, by David Stevenson (Cambridge, M.A.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011)
NCAA Basketball championship banners.

The Big Business of “Amateur” Intercollegiate Sports

… Intercollegiate sports had inauspicious beginnings.  The first college football game was played at Rutgers University in the fall of 1869. The … context of ringers and violence that the NCAA was founded. When at least 18 college football players died and as many …
The Statue of Liberty during the June 10, 2021 solar eclipse.

Solar Eclipses in American History

… James Fenimore Cooper, the pioneering author of  The   Last of Mohicans  (1826), was no stranger to adventure. As a youth, he served several … of the moment, experiencing with new eyes “the instant when I could first distinguish the blades of grass at my …
The Fire of Rome, 18 July 64 AD, Oil on Canvas, Robert Hubert, 1785. In the Musee des Beaux-Arts Andre Malraux; Le Havre, France.

The Great Fire of Rome

… Mid-July, 64 CE, in the heart of Rome , tragedy struck as fire erupted into a … Referencing the mythical Greek Orpheus, Tacitus wrote, “when people looked back, menacing flames sprang up before … extent and the firefighting techniques implemented. Tacitus was alive during the conflagration unlike Suetonius who was
Margaret Gorman, winner of the first Miss America Pageant in 1922.

Beauty Pageants and American Politics

… even his Presidential bid, owe much to beauty pageants and the culture they have helped to create. Long before Trump … season past Labor Day, what this event really offered was a public referendum on women’s place in American life. … tune in once a year to rate women in their bathing suits when you can do so every day from your smart phone? Today, …
Tanks rolling off a German assembly line in 1943

The Nature of World War II

… Ernie Pyle sat above a newly constructed port in Sicily—the island near Italy's toe that Anglo-American forces had … eleven months later, the Sicily campaign—Operation Husky—was the largest seaborne invasion in history, involving an … it was also a war that shaped and was shaped by nature. “When we send an expedition to Sicily, where does it begin?” …

'The World's Worst Humanitarian Crisis': Understanding the Darfur Conflict

… For the past four years, the remote Sudanese region of Darfur … and Central African Republic. The population of Darfur was estimated in 2002 at about six million, eighty percent … of Darfur. The Mahdist state ruled the Sudan until 1898 when it was conquered by the Anglo-Egyptian armies. …
Refugees eating lunch outside the barracks.

Waiting in Limbo: Life as a Refugee in Serbia

… Graffiti outside of the Belgrade barracks. I met Jamil in Subotica, Serbia, 15 … Serbia, and after nine failed attempts to enter Hungary, he was growing increasingly hopeless. Jamil is from Swat, … with thermal cameras and alarms that will notify guards when people are approaching. One fence severely restricted …
Mikhail Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan posing for a photograph in the White House Library.

The American “Nation Building” Mission and Russia

… During this political campaign, which has largely focused on the eye-glazing details of domestic issues, the most … that the Clinton administration had "played like there was reform" in Russia while corrupt Moscow officials … Bush team was too slow to provide substantial financial aid when it would have mattered most, for example, and Clinton …

The Amazon Rainforest under Threat

… On August 21, 2019, #PrayForAmazonas became the top trending hashtag on Twitter after the combination of … resources to fight the fires, concluding that there was little it could do. August 22, 2019 tweet by French … First, however, let’s make it clear exactly what we mean when we use the term “the Amazon.” An animated NASA map …
Image of Pluto from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft taken on July 13, 2015.

Discovering Pluto

… Percival Lowell was a prominent astronomer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries who believed in the … had meticulously analyzed about one-quarter of the plates when he spotted a faint image flickering in and out of view. …
Taylor Swift at the 2014 Costume Institute Gala at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

2/12/2015: Top Ten Origins: Oscar Dresses and Women’s Fashion

… Raise your hand if you watch the annual Oscar awards primarily for the fashion show, not … mimicked the look of women in ancient statuary. This style was popular throughout the First French Empire, 1804-1814, … for easy movement, often accentuated with fringe trim, when dancing the lively dances of the Jazz Age. 5. Body …
Cover of Philanthropy in America: A History by Olivier Zunz.

The Gifts That Keep On Giving

Review of Philanthropy in America: A History, by Olivier Zunz (Princeton University Press, 2012)
… fund every year at levels comparable to annual budget of the Pentagon? Answer: the non-profit sector. Olivier Zunz … and in return a small denominational college in New Haven was named after him. Benjamin Franklin helped found several … at one point, "but were subject to a host of legal hurdles when they attempted to desegregate them, assist in voter …
Riot police officers in Kyiv, December 2013

A Postcard from Kyiv: A Year of Reckoning for Ukraine

… From the Editors: 2014 was a year of tremendous and unfinished … an ailment of a generation of people: why did I survive when others died? Maybe I'm more base, more cunning, a … our way in life? What will we answer in a few years, when children want to know about 2014 and ask, "Why did …