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Exiles carry a poster against the communist government of Cuba, in a demonstration in Miami

Cuba in Focus–Again

… Mountains, who helped Castro overthrow Batista. Soon the exiles and the U.S. government joined in a powerful common cause to dump Castro, who, in the peak Cold War … Washington began badly. Outstanding among the CIA's many futile efforts to get rid of Castro was a disastrous …
West Berliners stand amid the rubble of WWII and watch U.S. Air Force transport planes land at Templehof Airport during the Berlin Airlift in 1948.

The Berlin Airlift

… relied either entirely or mostly on the Berlin Airlift to survive. The Berlin Airlift began on June 26, only two days … new runways in both major West Berlin airports just to accommodate the increased traffic from the large, heavy, … of Britain in the Berlin Airlift" "The Berlin Blockade Revisited" …
A contractor for the U.S. Army kicking in a door during Operation IRAQI FREEDOM.

From King George the Third to the Third President George: Mercenaries are Still a Bad Idea

… Time, transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to complete the Works of Death, Desolation, and Tyranny already … of Baghdad and other cities and drive as fast as 120 miles an hour in convoys. They’ve killed scores of Iraqis and … States government immunity from prosecution.” Iraq is surely a dangerous place. Over one hundred private …
Rendering of the new National World War I Memorial in Washington DC

It’s Time for a National World War I Memorial

… nearly 117,000 perished during the war — 53, 402 in combat — and another 204,000 were wounded. Many believe that … has left the First World War without a clearly focused “site of memory.”   There is, however, an opportunity to make … location of the national World War I memorial is ultimately less important than its existence. (Edwin Lutyen’s famed …
Cover of Science under Fire Challenges to Scientific Authority in Modern America by Andrew Jewett.

Science Beseiged

Review of Science Under Fire: Challenges to Scientific Authority in Modern America, by Andrew Jewett (Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press, 2020)
… or environmental poisoning, for instance—COVID-19 was compelling “people everywhere . . . to put their immediate … 24, 2020). Now a year later, Sarewitz’s expectations seem absurd. Frequent exhortations to “Follow the Science” and its … The anti-science crowd ridiculed mask-wearers as sheep mindlessly following the herd. Armed crowds gathered at the …
An orientalist nineteenth century Russian view of Samarkand in the time of Timur.

A Castilian in Samarkand, 1404

… noted that work on the largest mosque in the city had been completed just before his arrival, but Timur ordered its … to Hajji Muhammad al-Qazi, a Chagatai courtier who had visited the court of Castile in Toledo several years earlier. … as a desert backwater. He was impressed by the gardens surrounding Timur’s palace, by the enormous variety of goods …
The Romanov Family

The Romanov Tercentenary: Commemoration, History, and Power

… the Russias.” Services in Moscow capped a series of events commemorating the Romanovs’ tercentenary, in what proved to … memory of Mikhail’s Russia, he did so at great peril to the future of his country and its people. Immersing himself in a … instead a major hub of textile manufacture and had been the site of major labor unrest in 1905; factory workers were …
The hazards of an enclosed work environment – a typist with cloth mask during the influenza pandemic in 1918.

The Respirator and Cloth Mask

… are at the heart of often vitriolic public debates. Both futuristic and somehow archaic at the same time, millions … understandings of how disease is transmitted within the community. As a general rule, respirators function by … capable of being spread to patients by doctors performing surgery. Simpler than the Victorian respirators, cloth masks …
The Sack of Panama: Captain Morgan and The Battle for the Caribbean, by Peter Earle Book Cover

The Sack of Panama: Captain Morgan and The Battle for the Caribbean

Review of The Sack of Panama: Captain Morgan and The Battle for the Caribbean, by Peter Earle (St. Martin's Press '07, $25.95, 292 pages, ISBN #0-312-36142-4; index, source notes, bibliography, unillustrated)
… its silver mines, were the most valuable to the Spanish treasury. However, by 1666, Spain had suffered from military … most valuable colonial possessions in an era of uncertain communications and increased European competition. It also … dilemma. Although English possessions in the Caribbean were less extensive, the government in London had as little (or …
American flag fluttering in the breeze.

War Without End Brings Endless Dangers

… destruction. Bush apparently hopes that a war posture can assure support for expanding the U.S. military, for arbitrary … the diplomatic efforts and foreign aid needed to solve complex international problems. During the Cold War, … put the country on a war footing for a long and indefinite future. Designating many states and organizations as threats …
Sébastien Slodtz's statue of Hannibal Barca.

On the Verge of War, Look Before You Leap

… the terrorist attack seems too much to bear. Professional commentators, and current and former government officials … found themselves embarked on a century-long struggle for survival with the other most powerful city on the western … of people who will consequently become terrorists in the future. The use of military force often has consequences …
The United Nations Office at Geneva (Switzerland) is the second biggest UN centre, after the United Nations Headquarters (New York City).

The U.N. may be dysfunctional, but it’s the kind of dysfunction that its founders intended

… would serve merely as an explicit reminder of the U.N.'s incompetence.   An examination of the situation with an eye to …   The post-First World War settlement, the Treaty of Versailles, had two critical problems:  First, it did not include … too quickly and therefore resulted in too many shortsighted compromises.   The order to follow the Second World War …
Medical examination photo of Gordon showing his scourged back, widely distributed by Abolitionists to expose the brutality of slavery. From at least the 1860s onwards, photography was a powerful tool in the abolitionist movement.

Can Reparations Heal the Wounds of Slavery?

… corporations that benefited from slavery faces major obstacles, not least of which is the lack of legal precedent or … elsewhere indicate that the slavery lawsuit could become an invaluable tool for bridging the racial divide in … corporations during the same period — compensated only surviving victims. Yet descendants of survivors did receive …
Review of Ho Chi Minh: A Biography, by Pierre Brocheux (translation by Claire Duiker) Book Cover

Ho Chi Minh: A Biography

Review of Ho Chi Minh: A Biography, by Pierre Brocheux (translation by Claire Duiker) (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007)
… at the fringes of European and Asian societies, Ho's complex experiences have been canonized at home and abroad, … man who moved in and out of the great political struggles of his times, influencing the trajectory of twentieth … subject with skill and sensitivity. Although his book measures only one-hundred eighty seven pages of text, it …
Heads of delegations at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21), which led to the signing of the Paris Agreement.

Looking for a Common Language at Copenhagen

… of solving a problem facing the entire world, the summit’s composition best resembles a hodgepodge of national-or what in the United States … in any diplomatic negotiation.   So we shouldn’t be surprised to have seen so much parochialism at Copenhagen. … Looking for a Common Language at Copenhagen …
Some of the subjects in the Guatemalan experiments

The Guatemala Inoculation Experiments

… and the Pan American Sanitary Bureau (which would later become the Pan American Health Organization) financed and … inspired by outrage at the Tuskegee experiments. Nonetheless, the lesson of the need for constant vigilance is … of the medical establishment. Amid the current crisis surrounding the Zika virus, Guatemalan citizens do not know …
Cover of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire by Giusto Traina.

The End of the World as They Knew It

Review of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire, by Giusto Traina (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. pp. xix, 203. Trans. by Allan Cameron)
… institutionally not just conceptually in 428, even if future events would undo all of this (which Traina admits). … sphere of influence. In this context Flavius Dionysius, commander of Rome's eastern military forces and a native of … churches, with some of the finest mosaics that have survived from the late antique world. It was here that the …
American nuclear missile from the early Cold War in its original launch silo.

A Basis for Hope in the Middle East

… nation. These were major breakthroughs with regard to on-site inspection into the Soviet Union–an idea the Soviets … reliant on trust rather than the sword. But for this to become a reality, there must be an accumulation of goodwill. … a region full of suspicions and heavy armaments. A hostile future will await them. William Lambers is an author and …
President JFK giving an address on civil rights in June, 1963.

A President Who Was Still Growing

… strange circumstances and seemingly inexplicable actions surrounding it. Only one thing is certain. Kennedy’s death … day in Dallas in 1963. In an inaugural address that has become a poignant reminder of the idealism of the 1960s, JFK … about American involvement in Southeast Asia. While it is futile to compare John F. Kennedy with the presidents who …
Legislative members are seen exhausted while listening to lengthy testimony during floor action on the articles for impeachment of judge Sam Smith.

The Poisonous Cry for Judicial Impeachment

… Sen. John Cornyn, Phyllis Schlafly and others for the wholesale impeachment of judges of whose rulings they … that “judicious conduct,” in the best sense of those words, comes from judges insulated from popular emotions. The … seat on the federal bench under constant political pressure. The occasional bitter contests we have witnessed over …
Depiction of the eleven-month-long siege of the Russian naval base at Sevastopol, Crimea, during the Crimean War

Crimea: A General Introduction

Review of Crimea: A History, by Neil Kent London: Hurst & Company, 2016.
… moving quickly through a rapid succession of ancient peoples who have inhabited the Crimean peninsula , including the … the Greeks, the Romans, and the Goths, among others. This comprises the first chapter of Kent’s history. The next … Kent’s book is a very welcome addition to the scholarship surrounding Crimea. Nearly every book that has been written …
Palestinians during the first intifada, 1987. (Photo by Peter Stepan)

The Long Shadow of the June 1967 War

… ceasefires in 1949 and 1956, they failed to resolve the complex underlying Arab-Israeli controversies over … Israel, by cautioning Israel to rely on peaceful means to ensure its interests, and by organizing a multilateral Western … war would prove to be a watershed in Arab politics by discrediting secular nationalist leaders such as Nasser and …
French demonstrators with purple signs that read "ras le viol"

Violence Against Women

… Violence against women has a long history in human communities. Yet, we live in a time when people across the … Patrick Potyondy  Welcome to History Talk from Origins: Current Events in … Wiggins. You can find our podcasts and more at our website, origins.osu.edu, on iTunes and on Soundcloud. And as …