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Heads of delegations at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21), which led to the signing of the Paris Agreement.

Looking for a Common Language at Copenhagen

… of solving a problem facing the entire world, the summit’s composition best resembles a hodgepodge of national-or what … summits can’t bring results if those present don’t share a common language or a common tradition, no matter how pressing the issue. They end …
The Trojan Nuclear Plant in 1973.

The Atomic Age

… of 1989 in eastern and central Europe and the collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union in 1991 brought an end to the … know about, there are several other nations which hope to become nuclear powers in the near future. Add to this those … miniature atomic bombs hints that atomic bombs might well come in a small packages. Finally, even though we have …
US president Bill Clinton and Chinese leader Jiang Zemin holding a joint press conference at the White House, October 29, 1997

The Next Cold War?

… How do cold wars begin? The question is becoming more than academic as the Bush administration gropes … one required Truman to choose between a more and a less compromising stance. The president followed no grand design. … political instincts. Most of the time, that meant rejecting compromise. As an untested leader in an unsettled postwar …

Public Debt, Private Wealth: A History of Central Banks

… in order to separate it from the scandalous collapse of a commercial bank that had strong financial links to the king. … England differentiated itself from earlier generations of commercial banks was by ensuring that its own banknotes … remittance of funds without having to use banknotes or coins. Emergency wartime arrangements were also extended to …
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was one of the bloodiest in history: 8 million people lost their lives in Europe's deadliest religious conflict.

Secularism, Past and Future

Review of Secularism: Politics, Religion, and Freedom, by Andrew Copson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017)
Cover of Health, Healing and Illness in African History by Rebekah Lee.

Africa's Medical History Revealed

Review of Health, Healing and Illness in African History, by Rebekah Lee (London: Bloomsbury Academic Press, 2021)
… of actors, including African patients themselves, families, communities, traditional healers, healthcare workers, and … providers over causation and therapeutic approaches to combat particular diseases. Coercive and racialized health … South Africa . These ailments were categorized into communicable (tuberculosis) and non-communicable diseases …
Official Program: Woman Suffrage Procession, Washington DC March 3, 1913

I have many things to say (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 2)

… call the Anthony Amendment, and what would eventually become the 19th Amendment. But not for a long time. California … support needed to pass a constitutional amendment. It was becoming less likely that a federal amendment was going to … and Alice Paul begins pretty much as soon as Alice Paul comes to NAWSA. Alice Paul moves back to the United States …
Lenin waving flag in front of crowd of workers and soldiers

From Romanovs to Reds: Russia's Revolutions at 100

… Jessica Vinas-Nelson  Welcome to History Talk , the podcast that brings together a … Vinas-Nelson  Thanks for joining us today. This year, we're commemorating the hundredth anniversary of the February and … derives from this one moment. Almost everything else that comes out in the world in the 20th century in some ways is …
Refugees eating lunch outside the barracks.

Waiting in Limbo: Life as a Refugee in Serbia

… Swat, Pakistan, where he was pursuing a graduate degree in computer engineering. He left seven months ago because he … of other refugees who remain trapped in Serbia. Hungary completed its first razor-wire border fence in September … for years, but what used to be a short-term campsite has become a semi-permanent residence for many who have repeatedly …

Singapore at Fifty

… From a meagre population of 150 when the British East India Company first set up a factory and trading post on the … transactions were facilitated by the use of Chinese copper coins. Chinese currency facilitated trade not just with … of Java, which operated a currency system based on Chinese coins. A hierarchical economic relationship developed …
seedlings

Seed Money: Monsanto's Past and Our Food Future

… us on an authoritative and eye-opening journey into how the company Monsanto came to have outsized influence over our … Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle  Welcome to Seed Money: Monsanto's Past and Our Food Future, … talk about today) in October of 2021, and is currently completing a book tentatively entitled, Country Capitalism: …
Riot police officers in Kyiv, December 2013

A Postcard from Kyiv: A Year of Reckoning for Ukraine

… in Kyiv,  December 2013 The year 2014 will no doubt become a caesura, a line dividing Ukraine’s history into … sure to get ahold of cyanide. He and Gertrude decided to commit suicide if they heard the “rap.” But no one knocked … Protestors clashed with security forces in Kyiv, often coming to resemble a war zone more than mere protests. In …
Map showing position of North Korea relative to China

What Are They Thinking in Beijing?

… protests in Hong Kong that have directly challenged Chinese Communist Party (CCP) policies and yet have not been … November as the leader of the Politburo’s powerful Standing Committee. But we shouldn’t make too much of Jiang’s passing …
A traditional glass of Weissbier

Keeping Beer “Pure”: The 1516 Reinheitsgebot

… the price of beer per Maß (a Bavarian liter) and to limit competition for cereal grains used to bake bread. A … or Hefeweizen ) survived in spite of the ban on wheat in commercial and private production. The Duke of Wittelsbach, … their traditions with pride.         1983  Reinheitsgebot  commemorative stamp In today’s reunified Germany, a new …