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… history. The train stops in Urgench, a quiet and comparatively modern city of about 150,000 people. Exiting … fourth century B.C.E. Khorezmians were minting their early coins by the second century B.C.E. A century later the … Heritage City. Arabkhan madrasa, 1616. (Photo by author) Visitors are greeted with comfortable hotels, restaurants …

… up shrimp. Nations flout laws." There are valid reasons for concern. Numerous scientific reports have thoroughly … of effort. Profits became less assured for many fishing companies beginning in the 1970s and accelerating in later … that condition, and 200 were healthy. In 2006, the news was worse. A new survey revealed that 82 percent of the …

… of the Second World War began. More than four million combatants fought in the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad … the central plaza of Stalingrad, 1943. Fourteen months before Stalingrad began, Hitler had launched Operation … At the start of the war we reckoned with about 200 enemy divisions. Now we have already counted 360… When a dozen …

… believed, the U.S. military services had to become flexible and mobile enough to meet smaller and more … This means trimming the size of the Army by two or three divisions, the Navy by 40 to 50 ships, and the Air Force by … planes enjoy a clear advantage over their less capable rivals. Indeed, the U.S. Air Force is the service least …

… in the moment. Some, however, really do represent something completely new in American political history, and not always … following ten elections each brought something never seen before to the American electoral process—and the effects of … and newly elected President Harry S. Truman (right) hold up newspaper with the headline "Dewey Defeats Truman." (Source: …

… European imperial powers neglected to lay the foundation for nation-states from the various cultural and territorial … and cultural challenges. The crisis that would become the Nigerian Civil War began on January 15, 1966 when a … groups, was a crucial factor in reinforcing these regional divisions. Unification fused together culturally and …

… in the Room by Marc Horger In 2011, I penned an article for this publication on the subject of populism in American … the White House Correspondents’ Dinner, delivering sharp comic material about his recently released long-form birth … and Samar Islands in November 2013, then-Mayor Duterte visited within days and coordinated his own aid effort, …

… Humboldt, Nevada. Humboldt, Iowa. Humboldt County, California. The Humboldt River. All these places, and … to honor a German naturalist who made exactly one brief visit to the United States early in the nineteenth century, but whose adventures and accomplishments were so much admired they made him an …

… Union. Nearly three years, later, however, the final outcome of Brexit remains uncertain. And issues that affect the … continent changed? What were the political and economic forces that compelled the UK to join the EU in the first place? What … the ways in which the referendum results reflected various divisions within the electorate? Dr. Laura Beers   So …

… and animosity between Islamists (groups whose political platform calls for government policy to rest on the tenets of … population walked out of the Istanbul meeting as well, complaining that the SNC had no intention of setting up a … the organization's reputation among the general public. Divisions inside the leadership over whether or not to …

… and artist Jack Kirby in the eponymous Captain America Comics #1 , the patriotic hero became a breakout star for … the United States entered the war for real. While superhero rivals Batman and Superman mostly stayed home, Timely … “good war.” Four-color McCarthyism could not pull enough coins from adolescent pockets to prevent the superhero …

… From a meagre population of 150 when the British East India Company first set up a factory and trading post on the … transactions were facilitated by the use of Chinese copper coins. Chinese currency facilitated trade not just with … A crowd of children cheers the return of the 5th Indian Division to Singapore in 1945. The logical conclusion, for …

… from Akin's, and President Barack Obama reiterated his commitment to not make "health care decisions on behalf of … and congressional races. And state legislative efforts to restrict abortion access are currently under way in … grown more widely available. As the professionalization and commercialization of medicine began, more abortion options …

… by stampeding to the shopping mall. It’s also a chance for purists to ruin the fun by insisting that Hanukkah has … been a minor Jewish festival. Yet this holiday — which commemorates the successful Israelite revolt in the second … including the newly secularized Christmas. “Santa Claus visited the East Side last night,” the New York Tribune …

… to succeed. In fact, it will probably backfire. Once before, Israel — under the pretext of a justifiable military … Moreover, the invasion is driving the bitter terrorist rivals, the Palestine-based Hamas and Hezbollah, together in … War Europe" (2006), he is also a writer for the History News Service. …

… December 25, 1848, brought an unwelcome gift to the Queen City. That Christmas Day, a dying man … pandemic reached Cincinnati 17 years earlier, saw no “cause for apprehension or anxiety … or any reason to suppose that … “Cincinnati is the city of pigs,” wrote English visitor Isabella Lucy Bird. “[S]wine lean, gaunt, and …

… of HIV/AIDS  as a phenomenon that began in the 1980s, when news first broke of a mysterious and highly deadly disease. … to the globalization and economic neoliberalism that transformed the global economy in the late twentieth century. On … of HIV/AIDS in both the United States and around the world. For more Origins coverage of HIV/AIDS and other related …

… Shi'i militiamen in Tikrit, a Sunni stronghold and the former hometown of Saddam Hussein. When ISIS forces drove … some political pundits conclude, negotiations cannot overcome divine principles dictating distinct worldviews that … twelve years as a mandate. The British reified sectarian divisions fostered by 19 th -century Ottoman policies, …

… fight racial prejudice through a celebration of multiracial community. The event takes its name from the 1967 Supreme … The case established marriage as a fundamental right for interracial couples, but 72 percent of the public … their hometown. After being arrested again in 1963 while visiting relatives in Virginia, Mildred Loving wrote …

… One of the most beautiful parts of the former Soviet Union—Nagorno-Karabakh—has recently been … historical monuments and churches.  Sadly, it has become the center of a major feud between Armenians and … Children of Nagorno-Karabakh. At the time of this writer’s visit in 2014, life in the capital and other cities appeared …

… congregated in streets and squares and demanded the end of communist rule. These are indelible images deeply impressed … sense of this shift from wonders to worries, one must revisit the history of communism, explore its collapse, and … into the Soviet sphere of influence following the Cold War division of Europe. With Stalin's help, Communist Parties …