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The remains of the crash of TWA Flight 5 in 1931 [Photo from the Kansas Historical Society]

Top Ten Origins: Aviation Disasters that Improved Safety

… “search” passenger luggage. 7. Air Canada Flight 797, 1983 Fire damage to the lavatory of Air Canada Flight 797, where the fire is believed to have begun. Air Canada was en route from … Dorval International Airport on June 2, 1983, when a fire broke out behind the lavatory on the DC-9-32 while the …
Greek troops with a machine gun during the war

The Greco-Turkish War

… Turks fled in horror, jumping into the sea to escape the fire. The scene was terrifying, as one British sailor … It was a horrible scene; mothers with their babies, the fire raging over their heads… and the people all screaming.”   The view of the Smyrna fire in September 1922 from an Italian ship. Victims of the …
view looking up into treetops

Climate Change: Insights from History

… So I'm so happy that everybody is able to join us. With fires raging across the US West, record high summer … we're seeing today, the extreme climate changes, like the fires and etc., are those cyclical? Do we think that they … in the atmosphere. So that the pressures on the effects of fire and effects of increased hurricanes, this is a, it's …
An abandoned building in Chernobyl

A Postcard from Chernobyl

… that blew off the roof (weighing 12,000 tons), caused a fire inside the reactor that burned for ten days, and spewed … reactor, 1986 ( left ), and radioactive cloud ( right ). Fire fighters and power station workers struggled to put out the fire. Two people were killed in the explosion and around 28 …
Pullman Strike illustration

Top Ten Origins: American Workers and Strikes

… strain on labor markets. On July 16, 1877, a lone firefighter on Engine 32 of the Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) … thirty people were wounded and three killed by police gunfire. But a bomb placed in the crowd killed seven police … burn next to the bodies of those who jumped to escaped the fire. Some employers broke ranks and settled with the ILGWU. …
 protests by the Yellow Vest movement

France at the Barricades, 1934

… panicking at the intensity of the protest-turned-riot, fired into the crowd, and a battle ensued. By the riot’s … Concorde , February 6, 1934. (BnF) Newspaper Kiosk set on fire during the protests on February 6, 1934. (BnF) While …
George Holliday's footage of Rodney King being beaten by police in 1991

The 1992 Los Angeles Rebellion: “No Justice, No Peace”

… courtroom on April 29, 1992, Los Angeles erupted in a firestorm of anti-police protest. Looting, burning, and … neighborhood of South Central where the uprising began. Fires during the 1992 Los Angeles rebellion. (Photo by Gary … 1992. (Photo by Gary Leonard, Los Angeles Public Library) Fire fighters attempt to put out the burning La Mancha …
View of Tbilisi as seen from Narikala, the city's medieval citadel.

A Postcard from Georgia and Azerbaijan

… with ancient Iran. The world’s most famous Zoroastrian “fire temple” is located in Surakhani, just west of Baku, and … at the reconstructed temple complex. The Zoroastrian fire temple complex at Surakhani, near Baku (left) ; the replica of the fire temple's eternal flame (right). Although this was the …
San Francisco earthquake 1906

San Francisco 1906 and Katrina 2005: The Increasing Costs of Unpreparedness

… suffered a greater loss than New Orleans last year, the fire that followed the earthquake wiping out its business … lines leading into the city left it vulnerable to the many fires that quickly erupted. Recent retrospectives indicate that inept efforts to contain the fires may actually have contributed to the destruction. San …
Indian bicycle troops are pictured at the Somme in 1916

The Amritsar Massacre

… into formation. Without any warning, Dyer gave the order to fire into the unarmed, non-violent crowd. The passageway to … was running out of ammunition. Bullet holes from the rounds fired by Dyer’s troops in 1919. Dyer continued to believe …
This stamp features the first stanza of Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Concord Hymn."

The “Shot Heard Round the World”: April 19, 1775 and the American Revolutionary War

… the exhausted Redcoats were pursued back to Boston, taking fire from all directions, including from inside and behind … other over the claim to be the place where Americans first fired in anger at the British. Both towns erected their own … fact that teamwork is vital to military success. So, who fired the first shot that April morning? Theories abound. …
The University of Algiers, ca. 1920.

The University of Algiers Library Bombing

… in flames, lighting up the skyline of downtown Algiers. Firefighters managed to subdue the flames by 2:30pm, but the … gone, and its interior had suffered substantially from the fire.  And yet, the most significant damage was not to the … the French government and the FLN finally agreed to a ceasefire on March 18, 1962 and planned for public referendums on …
“Bombardment of Fort Sumter by the batteries of the Confederate states,” 1861.

The Civil War: Losing the War, Winning the History

… years ago today, April 12, 1861, Edmund Ruffin proudly fired a shot at Fort Sumter, the Federal military … years and more than 600,000 dead Americans later, Ruffin fired what has been called the last shot of the war when he … of racial apartheid.   Sadly, 150 years after Edmund Ruffin fired on Fort Sumter, large numbers of Americans remain in …

The Second Amendment Goes to Court

… impossible legally to own a handgun and requires that all firearms be locked up. The last time a Second Amendment case … sawed off shotgun, in violation of the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. § 1132. One of the factors weighing … Konig points out that this quote had nothing to do with firearms. Jefferson was actually talking metaphorically, …
This Dutch UNPROFOR observation post in Srebrenica took heavy fire from Bosnian Serb troops in 1995.

Srebrenica and its Memory

In July 1995, in the final days of the Bosnian War, over 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys were killed in the Srebrenica massacre.
… (United Nations Protection Force) units began taking fire, they abandoned their observation posts or surrendered … Dutch UNPROFOR observation post in Srebrenica took heavy fire from Bosnian Serb troops in 1995. On July 11, Bosnian …
book cover of Empire of Cotton - A Global History

Top Ten Origins: Summer 2018 Must Reads

… of Cotton tells a global history, Bryant Simon’s The Hamlet Fire uses a smaller frame to tell an equally compelling … story about capitalism. Simon’s engaging book focuses on a fire at a North Carolina chicken plant in 1991 that killed … Unlike the better-known 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, this industrial disaster produced no wider social …

The West without Water: What Can Past Droughts Tell Us About Tomorrow?

… can lead to failed crops, desiccated landscapes, wildfires, dehydrated livestock, and in severe cases, water … succumbed to insect related diseases, fueling massive wildfires. Snowfall was extremely sparse, forcing ski areas to … Yosemite National Park, California, showing AD dates of fires (photo courtesy of Thomas Swetnam, Laboratory of …
And Water for All - stylized image of hands with water behind them

... And Water for All

An educational documentary about water affordability
… floating waste, burning for five days. In 1969, another fire - and the Cuyahoga, a relative unknown, became an … Breyfogle  In fact, since 1868, the Cuyahoga caught fire in different sections more than a dozen times. The 1969 Fire was widely covered in the press and functioned as one …