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… Proponents of a new Constitutional amendment want to change the presidency in reference to one man, but they should be … first time the constitutional definition of the presidency was written in reference to one man but, like any such … one foot in political theory and the other in politics. When the delegates to the constitutional convention, meeting …

… Many election cycles feel “unprecedented” in the moment. Some, however, really do represent something … always because of what the issues were or who the victor was. The following ten elections each brought something … for Jefferson but not for Burr, thereby avoiding a tie. When the ballots were opened, however, it emerged that no …

… Voting is perhaps the most fundamental act of democratic citizenship. In a … days of our democracy, which of course, initially suffrage was limited to white men who owned property for the most … advances in the right to vote have come during periods when the federal government was playing a more assertive …

… Over a century ago, the British historian Lord Acton warned that absolute power … and for most of America’s history, the United States was a weak nation. It lacked the military strength to … Jefferson, for example, believed peace was possible only when all states treated each other as equals. He argued that …

… a morning of research in Senegal's national archives, in the coastal African country's capital of Dakar. The archives … paid scant attention to the events, but that morning there was an increased police presence and nervous onlookers … in the era after colonialism were peaceful and orderly. When Senghor decided to retire at the end of 1980, he …

… The Crimea that most people have come to know is a peninsula … original historian, called Crimea’s local peoples the Tauri when he came to the region to visit Greek colonies. Greeks … classical name, used often until the twentieth century, was Taurica (Tavrida in Russian). 2.   The Emergence of the …

… catch experts unawares? Even more intriguingly, why do they defy analysis after they’ve happened? Neither … of their self interest, mediated by competition, was better and cheaper meat, beer and bread. The invisible …   Another example of an unintended consequence came when the mavens of information technology followed William …

… basement of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem.  The hotel was the administrative hub of the British presence in … for Black September.  The crisis was resolved tragically when a poorly planned German effort to free the hostages … Party, an act that they believed would undermine the Leninist Revolution that they hoped to achieve.  Moro’s …

… As Al Gore and George W. Bush fight out these final days in their battle for the presidency, the … unsuccessful race for the presidency in 1908, a record was set: "neither before nor since has anybody been defeated … Richard Nixon handily defeated George McGovern in 1972 when McGovern earned only 17 electoral votes out of a total …

… Since their independence from  the Soviet Union in 1991, many have … chose to step down from power.  One model they might follow was the so-called “Niyazov method,” named after the first … in which a head of state facing significant legal issues when their term limits are up promotes a successor in …

… In the spring of 2003, French protesters marched in huge … unilateral policies now causing so much trouble in Iraq. When it comes to remembering World War II, Americans should … A nationalist who pursued diplomacy independent of Washington, de Gaulle angered Americans by announcing that …

… Karl Rove’s recent “cut and run” accusations against the Bush administration’s Democratic opponents ought to be … Did Dwight D. Eisenhower “cut and run” in Korea in 1953? It was Ike who told the nation that if he were elected he would … conceded that Eisenhower did the responsible thing when he quickly completed the truce negotiations that ended …

… When Billy Graham died in February of this year, many of the tributes referred to him as “America’s Pastor”—and as … and Jews who make up the majority of Americans today he was hardly “America’s” pastor. Nevertheless, when he died …

… Nixon’s White House records soon will be transferred from the National Archives to a library associated with the Nixon … clear mandate to screen Nixon’s records for public release. When NARA took custody of Nixon’s records in 1977, it said … as too oriented toward public disclosure. Taylor implied I was a liberal — or at least not a “Nixon Republican.” In …

… Talk on race in America. In “Putting Race on Display,” they interview Ohio State historians Stephanie Shaw and … Civil Rights Act of 1964.   Leticia Wiggins   The redesign was the first since the museum opened in 1991. Interactive … involvement in this process, too. Maybe they were there when I wasn't.   Dr. Hasan Jeffries   Certainly the …

… As the struggle between members of the Standing Rock … oil storage center in South Central Illinois. The pipeline was approved several years ago and in early 2016, the … United States government has not had a good history when it comes to honoring those particular treaties and …

… If prostitution is mankind's oldest profession, then grave robbing may be a close second. Since the ancient … training in Europe's medical schools. This sort of research was legally prohibited in England, though in 1752 anatomists won a small victory when they were given permission to dissect executed …

… As he refines his economic message on the campaign trail this summer, Republican John McCain has … market will take care of everything. This economic formula was fashioned most thoroughly by economist Milton Friedman … ruling that unions constituted illegal "cartels."  When workers went on strike, big business repeatedly called …

… As he refines his economic message on the campaign trail this summer, Republican John McCain has … market will take care of everything. This economic formula was fashioned most thoroughly by economist Milton Friedman … ruling that unions constituted illegal "cartels."  When workers went on strike, big business repeatedly called …

… The institution of the Catholic Church finds itself in a … held for the opening session of the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. in 2005. Some church leaders were found to … culture going back to the 19 th  century—the time when Pope Pius IX repositioned the Church against modernity …

… When in early March 2011 the “Arab Spring”—a wave of pro-democracy demonstrations … unity of the opposition movement, which, according to them, was above any sectarian and ethnic division and dispute. In … some Alawites to make careers in the Ottoman army and bureaucracy. The Alawites enjoyed little benefit from the …

… From the visceral beach sequence in Steven Spielberg’s Saving … to be “the first film I really felt I had to make,” was one of two great war films he made in the 1950s (the … Wajda, 1957 Still from Kanal  (Criterion Collection). When Polish participants in the 1944 Uprising climb into the …

… On October 1, 2017, the Spanish region of Catalonia—known as Catalunya to … Iberian Kingdoms in 1400 ( right ). In the 12 th century, when one of the kings of Aragon decided to marry a princess … became integrated into the kingdom of Aragon. Aragon was already expanding, and soon claimed the small kingdoms …

… On the season premiere of Prologued, we confront the myth of … in American politics since the turn of the 20th century, when men who opposed women's suffrage based their concern on … an unanticipated election result. The most recent anomaly was the 2016 presidential election. November 10, 2016, was a …