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Power lines.

Blackouts: Symptoms of Our Dependence

… year of anticipating “Y2K” has served to remind us that the computers we call “personal” actually answer to specialized … American life has resulted in decreasing measures of both competence and control by ordinary citizens over the vital … Yorkers, at least, mixed their surprise with a reserve of composure and patience that many believed had long since …
The federal government commissioned a series of public murals from the artists it employed: William Gropper's Construction of a Dam (1939) is characteristic of much of the art of the 1930s, with workers seen in heroic poses, laboring in unison to complete a great public project.

Guess What? The New Deal Worked!

… Since the economic crisis we’re now in is being compared to the Great Depression, the solutions being offered are being routinely compared to the New Deal. Republicans in particular have … cards and home equity loans. Now millions have no way to pay that piper.   The system the New Deal initiated kept us …
Image of a junior high school classroom from Harris & Ewing Photographs.

An Historic Opportunity in Education

… enact this substantial change to Title I. This 35-year-old compensatory education legislation has failed to reach its … that would improve public schools. Rep. Caleb R. Layton’s comments during a debate in 1922 on a proposal to combat … priority on reforming the public schools and is willing to pay higher taxes for better performing schools. If Congress …
Logo for "Canada 150".

Canada 150: Coming Home

… leaders from Métis artist Christi Belcourt to Anishinaabe comedian Ryan McMahon have pointed out that the past 150 … nations. Front and back of the Indian Chiefs Medal, commemorating Treaties 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Canada’s inability … 150. However, even here in our A-game, Canada’s transfer payments are bested by the European Union’s Regional Policy …
People holding signs: "More Mental Health Care + Less Jail Time" and "Support Mental Health - It's the Right Thing to Do"

Mental Health and American Society

… Jessica Vinas-Nelson   Welcome to History Talk the podcast that brings together a … one's overcrowded. So they build another one. And the taxpayers look at this, and they say, well, it's too expensive … with the community mental health advocates have tried to grapple with since the hospitals were largely done away with. …

American Presidential Scandals

… A tweet from the Richard Nixon Presidential Library after comparisons were made between Nixon and President Trump when the latter fired the Director of the FBI, James Comey. The High Bar The ubiquitous, unfathomable ur-scandal … for crop prices; they took the additional precautions of paying Treasury officials for inside information and …
Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff Book Cover

Children at Play: An American History

Review of Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff (New York: New York University Press, 2007)
… play, adults' efforts to provide protective spaces indoor (community centers, YMCA) and outdoor (playgrounds, sports … and stronger peer associations formed as a consequence of compulsory schooling in the mid-nineteenth century, a gap … in modern American society, Chudacoff argues that a compression of generations has occurred that carries …
The Ganden Monastery in Lhasa was one of the many victims of bombing during the 1956 uprising. The destruction caused to the monastery is still visible in the ruins.

The Seventeen Point Agreement: China’s Occupation of Tibet

… signed between the PRC and a minority people and is part of communist China’s larger nation-building process in its … principles of “ cho-si sungdrel, ” or religion and politics combined. Mao Zedong (middle), Ngabo Ngawang Jigme (left) … the backdoor for invaders to attack the Middle Kingdom. The communists under Mao Zedong acted on that same assumption. A …
cars on a highway

Sweet Fuel: The Remarkable Story of Brazilian Ethanol

… search for clean and affordable alternate energies has become an increasing priority in the twenty-first century. … Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle  Welcome to "Sweet Fuel: The Remarkable Story of Brazilian … the search for clean and affordable alternate energy has become an increasing priority in the 21st century. However, …
The Works Progress Administration employed some Spanish-Americans from New Mexico, as seen here, to work in road gangs.

When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America

Review of When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America , by Ira Katznelson (W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 2005), preface, appendix, index, 238 pp.
… in the military. The federal government stepped in to pay mortgages for white veterans and upgrade educational … When Affirmative Action Was White concludes with the recommendation that contemporary American policymakers deal … action. Relying heavily on Johnson's 1965 Howard University Commencement Address, the author posits that the 37th …
A COVID-19 antigen testing center in Warora, Maharashtra, India.

The Deep Roots of India’s COVID-19 Crisis

… patients’ access to lifesaving medical assistance, all compounded by the emergence of a new variant that may be … to challenge the underlying health inequities that have become so glaringly apparent in India’s second coronavirus … as a right to all people regardless of their ability to pay, and where the health profile of the country would be …
Cover of The Anatomy Murders by Lisa Rosner

The Anatomy Murders

Review of The Anatomy Murders, by Lisa Rosner (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009)
… century the dead bodies themselves became precious commodities because the dissection of human cadavers for anatomical study had become an essential element of training in Europe's medical … dissect, and as long as eager medical students continued to pay to watch such proceedings (for extra a student could …
The United States Army Drill Team.

Should the Military Take Charge in Emergencies?

… of the military later found expression in the Posse Comitatus law of 1878, still in force. Archaic as the title … we are to block this new threat to our republic. The Posse Comitatus law was carefully observed for nearly 80 years, … the local constable. Sometimes the sheriff needed a posse comitatus, or just posse, as they say in Western movies. …
Coach Bob Knight holding a chair

Bob Knight: A Latter-Day MacArthur?

… rash act against a national celebrity. Meanwhile, Knight complained that he was a victim of changing expectations … trustee critical of Brand's action invoked a pointed comparison: "President Truman fired General MacArthur.  … Brand fired General Knight." Defending Knight, the trustee compared Knight's firing to the earlier dismissal of a …

Beware of Greeks Bearing Gifts: How Neo-Nazis and Ancient Greeks Met in Charlottesville

… years now, those of us who study the ancient world have become progressively aware that American Neo-Nazis, white …  carefully cultivated a version of Greek culture that was becoming more standardized—one based on Athenian norms. The … of his city, proclaimed that students in Athens had become the teachers of the rest of the world. He insisted that …
1864 depiction of the Fort Pillow Massacre in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper

Ten Moments of White Supremacist Violence in U.S. History

… Battle of Fort Pillow in Tennessee, Confederates under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest fulfilled this … reverse the legislature’s refusal to enfranchise black men. Coming just two months after a massacre in Memphis, TN, the … of the 40 Klan members present. 10. Overland Park Jewish Community Center Shooting, April 13, 2014 Frazier Glenn …
The logo of Solidarność painted on an overturned Soviet era T-55 in Prague in 1990

Poland Takes Charge of Its Own Revolution

Review of Empowering Revolution: America, Poland, and the End of the Cold War, by Gregory F. Domber (The University of North Carolina Press, 2014)
… in the Sejm (Parliament) and the newly-formed Senate to non-Communist candidates. The Polish elections laid the … forge ahead with their efforts to remove their Soviet-led communist parties from power, a process that would be fully … One of the strengths of Domber’s book is the attention he pays to Jaruzelski, a courtesy usually only given to Wałęsa …

"Y'En A Marre!" (We're Fed Up!): Senegal in the Season of Discontent

… starting. [Y'En A Marre] want change and their patience has come to an end. Prices are too high, the power fails all the … with money, but terrible for the millions who had little income or lost their jobs as a result of the reforms. It was … China invested in land, potential energy resources, and payoffs to the government to secure construction and …
Anne Boleyn in the Tower of London, Portrait of Anne Boleyn, and Anne Boleyn with her Daughter.

The Execution of Anne Boleyn

… guilty of treason against her own husband. Henry VIII had come to the throne in 1509 not as the larger-than-life … daughter of two Spanish royal houses. Since the Tudors had come to the throne only a few decades earlier, after a long … paid much heed to the criticisms of his subjects. He was paying attention to someone else by early 1536, however: …
An image of Kuwait’s oil fields after they were set ablaze by retreating Iraqi soldiers during the First Gulf War

Oil Empires and Petro-Anarchies

Review of Empires and Anarchies: A History of Oil in the Middle East, by Michael Quentin Morton (London: Reaktion Books, 2017)
… had obtained independence. Morton tracks major individuals, companies, and governments taking part in the search for commercially viable oil sources as well as the negotiation … example, Morton writes that strikes in Iran erupted over pay and working conditions and that, in response, British …
In 2011, thousands of ultra-nationalist demonstrators took to the streets of Moscow, armed with tsarist insignia and shouting the anti-immigrant chant "Let's give Russia back to the Russians!"

Russia’s Lost Empire

Review of Lost Kingdom: The Quest for Empire and the Making of the Russian Nation, From 1470 to the Present, by Serhii Plokhy (New York: Basic Books, 2017)
… on Russo-Ukrainian relations. On the other hand, Plokhy pays little attention to Imperial or Soviet policies in the … and truly non-Russian populations dwelled . Readers might come away with the impression that the Russian Empire and … history. Despite this, Plokhy succeeds in detailing the complexities of Russo-Ukrainian relations over the centuries …
Indian troops in Burma, 1944.

A Forgotten Theater of War

Review of India’s War: World War II and the Making of Modern South Asia, by Srinath Raghavan New York, NY: Basic Books, 2016
… 1939 to over two million in 1945 (64). This process was accompanied by considerable growing pains. Indian troops … it could be made to produce wartime goods without unduly competing with Britain (89). Early in the war, India’s … the Raj elected to print money during the war to pay what it couldn’t cover in taxes, leading to spiraling …