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Medical examination photo of Gordon showing his scourged back, widely distributed by Abolitionists to expose the brutality of slavery. From at least the 1860s onwards, photography was a powerful tool in the abolitionist movement.

Can Reparations Heal the Wounds of Slavery?

… A group of African-Americans is demanding in federal court in New York that the United States … a social fund to improve health, education and housing for African-Americans.   But this is a weak argument because it …
Upon the Altar of the Nation: A Moral History of the Civil War, by Harry S. Stout Book cover.

Upon the Altar of the Nation: A Moral History of the Civil War

Review of Upon the Altar of the Nation: A Moral History of the Civil War, by Harry S. Stout (New York: Viking, 2006)
… Upon the Altar of the Nation is a provocative and disturbing moral history of the Civil War. It is not a … conduct. From the outset religious leaders in the North and South helped shape the conduct of the war by imbuing their … of Southern cities. Stout only briefly mentions the rape of African American women and the execution of African American …

Interracial Marriage in "Post-Racial" America

… decision at the time. Many decried it as judicial overreach and resisted its implementation for decades. The case that … European indentured servants as their primary labor to African slaves. As these two labor pools worked alongside … despite the undeniable evidence of interracial offspring on Southern plantations resulting from slave owners forcing …

Conflict Termination: How to End -- and Not to End -- Insurgencies

… of the on-going American military commitment in Iraq and Afghanistan has combined with memories of Vietnam and … governments in Laos, Cambodia and—most pivotally—South Vietnam, where they continued to exercise a large … the dissolution of the Portuguese colonial empire in Africa and Asia. Communist-supported guerrilla insurgencies …
Cover of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer by Wendell E. Pritchett.

Invisible Man

Review of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City: The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer , by Wendell E. Pritchett (University of Chicago Press, 2008)
… November 4, 2008, after months of hard-hitting campaigning and nationwide discussions on the need for change, the United States elected an African American for President.  The campaign and subsequent … city at a moment when civil rights was viewed largely as a Southern issue.  Although he was not a well-known leader of …

Russia, Gay Rights, and the Sochi Olympics

… showcased his Third Reich at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, and Jesse Owens’ four gold medals were hailed as a repudiation of Nazi racism. African nations boycotted the 1976 Montreal games over the issue of South Africa’s apartheid policies. The United States and
President George W. Bush with Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley in 2006.

Is Iraq Vietnam?

… The wars in Vietnam and Iraq differ in major respects, but U.S. policy in both … For that reason, the intervention in Iraq, like that in South Vietnam, seems almost certain to end in failure. … needs; the problem is that so few Iraqis seem to agree. South Vietnam’s governments also had serious problems. The …
Plate of enchiladas at a Mexican restaurant.

Mexican Food in the United States

… Though restaurants and their customers use such words as “traditional,” … from the distinct culinary traditions of the people of the Southwest whose desire for dishes like chili and tacos … avocados are a global conflict commodity comparable to Africa’s so-called blood diamonds. Regional Mexican Fare: …
King speaking to an anti-Vietnam war rally at the University of Minnesota in St. Paul, April 27, 1967.

Which Martin Luther King to Honor?

… Which Martin Luther King Jr., will we honor this year?  The Southerner who broke the back of legalized segregation?  Or … what he called “the giant triplets of racism, materialism, and militarism” throughout the nation, North and South? Unless we give both sides their full due, we will be …
A portrait of Martin Luther King, Jr.

The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

… April 4, 1968, at 6:01 pm, James Earl Ray, a white drifter and petty criminal, raised a bathroom window at the rear of Bessie Brewer’s Rooming House on South Main Street in Memphis, TN and aimed a Remington Model … and small, stretching from the East Coast to the West, African Americans poured into the streets to vent their …
Senator Barack Obama

Memorandum to Sen. Obama: How to Run

… were alive to give you wise counsel, now that your candidacy for the Democratic Party’s nomination is official. … He realized that if he were to become the city’s first African American elected mayor he would need a ground swell … candidates may face at the polls, especially in the South. To reach the most elevated political office in the …
Painted poster of Saddam Hussein riddled with bullet holes in 2003.

Hybrid Justice for Hussein

… will erode national sovereignty, usurp domestic courts and end up limiting America’s freedom of action on the … court. There are plenty of recent precedents — from South Korea to Mexico — where former leaders have been … (The Iraqi Governing Council wants to create a South Africa-style Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address …
Vaccination team member giving a cholera vaccine in Cerca Carvajal, 2013.

Cholera and the Roots of Public Health

… of COVID-19 has been shocking—in terms of global spread and relatively high lethality—but it is hardly the first … by 1833, the disease crossed the Atlantic to both North and South America. Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes … Asia, the Pacific and beginning in 1970 spread across Africa. More recently still, localized epidemics broke out …
A makeshift hospital in Iowa during the 1918 flu pandemic

Pandemics: Past, Present, Future

… From Plague to Influenza and HIV, learn about the history of global pandemics in order to better understand the current coronavirus pandemic, a panel discussion … the Black Sea in the late 1340s, where it spread as far as southern England in one year. Traditionally it has been …

The Real Marriage Revolution

… The demand that society legally recognize same-sex marriages is … talking about exotic island cultures or lost tribes in the African jungle. In 70 percent of more than 1,000 societies … India, the Middle East, Africa, China, and many kingdoms in South America. The upper classes in several regions of what …
Emancipation Memorial in Lincoln Park, Washington DC.

Bicentennial for Two Great Emancipators

… us from the traditions of the past.   Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were exact contemporaries. Both were … the Civil War and the emancipation of roughly four million African American slaves; the other initiated by Darwin’s … abolitionists. Exposed to slavery during his trip to South America, Darwin wrote, “It makes one’s blood boil.” He …
Tommie Smith and John Carlos protesting at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

Ten Protests in Sports History

… That gesture, which has now spread throughout the NFL (and to other sports , even abroad ), is by no means the … white athletes refusing to compete against or alongside African-Americans. On at least four occasions between 1883 … baseball, intercollegiate athletics outside the south were not uniformly segregated before World War II. …
Team photo of a soccer team

The Politics of International Sport

… squad after being told, “If you win, you die.” Tommie Smith and John Carlos raising gloved hands in the Black Power … the 2014 Sochi Olympics. The role of sport in dismantling South Africa’s apartheid regime and the 2010 World Cup in putting … where sport played an enormous role in visibly ostracizing South Africa.   Dr. Steven Conn  Which in turn, when South
President LBJ's "Midnight Address" on the 2nd Gulf of Tonkin incident in 1964.

Remember the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

… action against Iraq. Sadly, most members of the House and Senate appear ready to acquiesce, eager to support a … Over the next decade, Ho frustrated American designs in Southeast Asia. By 1964, communist guerrillas, aided by the … on the verge of toppling the pro-United States regime in South Vietnam. Americans in the early 1960s lived in an …
Cover of Apache Diaspora by Paul Conrad.

“Diaspora” as a Creative and Historical Force

Review of The Apache Diaspora: Four Centuries of Displacement and Survival, by Paul Conrad (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021)
… constituted an “empire.” Benjamin Madley, Jeffrey Ostler, and others saw “genocide” in the destruction of native … of some contemporary Apache groups in using the term ‘Southern Apache’ instead. This is in recognition of the fact … servants and slaves, including other Indians and enslaved Africans, helped shape the creation of ‘chosen’ families in …