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Rendering of the new National World War I Memorial in Washington DC

It’s Time for a National World War I Memorial

… nearly 117,000 perished during the war — 53, 402 in combat — and another 204,000 were wounded. Many believe that … minute before the 11 a.m. armistice of Nov. 11, 1918. In comparison, roughly 34,000 Americans died in combat during … has left the First World War without a clearly focused “site of memory.”   There is, however, an opportunity to make …

A History of Stolen Citizenship

… the amendment restored voting rights to ex-felons who had completed their prison sentence and been released from … laws like the one Floridians voted to eliminate. More common are states that extend disfranchisement through … about 20 young attorneys to comb the criminal court records and amassed a list of approximately 3,000 African …
Image of Pluto from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft taken on July 13, 2015.

Discovering Pluto

… and mathematical calculations.  Initially, he focused on comet and meteor predictions, but he later turned to … To assist with calculations, he hired a team of human computers—individuals (often women) who performed complex computations—a practice later highlighted in the …
Cover of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire by Giusto Traina.

The End of the World as They Knew It

Review of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire, by Giusto Traina (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. pp. xix, 203. Trans. by Allan Cameron)
… sphere of influence. In this context Flavius Dionysius, commander of Rome's eastern military forces and a native of … outfoxed the Romans; Flavius was sent to accept this fait accompli . In the next two chapters, Traina continues to …
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum with a sign announcing the 70th anniversary ceremony.

A Postcard from Hiroshima

… of the bombing and was able to witness how the Japanese commemorate these tragic events. Hiroshima Peace Memorial … later in Nagasaki he did make such a pledge. Historical commemorations, of course, are often linked to contemporary … to survive the blast, is now a UNESCO world heritage site. Following the official ceremony, smaller gatherings …
Cover of A History of Iran Empire of the Mind by Michael Axworthy.

Iran for Beginners

Review of A History of Iran: Empire of the Mind, by Michael Axworthy (New York. Basic Books. 2008)
… its weather, and the origin of the word "Persian," which comes from Fars province in southwestern Iran, home to Iran's most ancient archaeological sites, Persepolis and Pasargadae. (He also mentions that the … Axworthy devotes attention to the wealth, productivity, and commercial potential of Iran, which enabled great rulers …
The colorful buildings of Tirana, viewed from the steps of the National Museum.

A Postcard from Tirana: Overcoming the Past

… dotted with reminders of this past, but the residents welcome visitors with true Albanian hospitality and intend to … During World War II, the country saw the creation of the Communist Party of Albania, and after an intense battle in … the Soviet state, and with little regard for the historical sites of the city, Hoxha began a massive building campaign …

Pirates of Puntland, Somalia

… to sustain themselves in deep sea until the vessel actually comes by." Under the pirates' command, the Sirius Star sailed to a mooring off the coast … in Aden worried. Attacks on ships in the Gulf of Aden were common. Major Gordon Laing had been murdered leaving Harar …

European Disunion: The Rise and Fall of a Post-War Dream?

… has been characterized by friction, contradictions, and competing visions of the goals of union. The most recent … of the same recurrent dream that for ten centuries has revisited the peoples of Europe: creating between them an … delay origins.osu.edu, they employed complex currency and credit derivatives rather than face EU reprimands or address …
1864 depiction of the Fort Pillow Massacre in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper

Ten Moments of White Supremacist Violence in U.S. History

… Battle of Fort Pillow in Tennessee, Confederates under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest fulfilled this … reverse the legislature’s refusal to enfranchise black men. Coming just two months after a massacre in Memphis, TN, the … office of a black-owned paper, The Wilmington Daily Record , in 1898. Before the violence started, black voters …
Image of a large turkey on a postcard from the early 1900s.

The First “First Thanksgiving”

… States. But it was still not our very first Thanksgiving. Credit for that event belongs to the Native Americans. Among … body. The man can now feed his family. From contemporaneous records, we know that the Pilgrims and Indian had turkey and … Thanksgiving.” For 136 years, Thanksgiving has been a day commemorated across America. It gives us a moment to recall …
The Education of Little Tree by Forest Carter book cover.

Fake Autobiographies: A Great American Tradition

… as fakes should make readers ask why these cliches are so compelling in the first place. Autobiographies, with their … anything that Carter's story proves, it's that we love comforting fictions more than we love the truth. Before the … Browder, an associate professor of English at Virginia Commonwealth University, is a writer for the History News …
Count Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat aboard his Jeantaud electric car, 1899.

The Historical Dominance of the Electric Car

On December 18, 1898, the Jeantaud electric vehicle set the world’s first automotive land speed record of 63.13 km/hr (39.2 mph) over the course of a single kilometer.
… vehicle set the world’s first automotive land speed record of 63.13 km/hr (39.2 mph) over the course of a single kilometer. Although the only electric vehicle at the competition, the Jeantaud handily beat its gasoline-powered competition at the Parc Agricole d’Achères outside Paris. …
Political prisoners in Kengir, Kazakhstan

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

… Soviet counter-intelligence agency, for writing derogatory comments about Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin in a private … Solzhenitsyn was arrested by SMERSH for writing derogatory comments about Stalin in a private letter. He portrayed one … experience. Political prisoners in Kengir, Kazakhstan , the site of a famous prisoner revolt. Solzhenitsyn portrayed …
President LBJ's "Midnight Address" on the 2nd Gulf of Tonkin incident in 1964.

Remember the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

… colonialists in their war against Ho’s Vietminh, he had become a bitter U.S. enemy. Over the next decade, Ho frustrated American designs in Southeast Asia. By 1964, communist guerrillas, aided by the North Vietnamese army, … At the height of the Cold War, U.S. leaders worried about communism as a worldwide menace every bit as much as their …
Illustration of Packing Room in Opium Factory at Patna, India

The World of Opium: From “Free” to Illicit Trade

Review of Opium’s Long Shadow: From Asian Revolt to Global Drug Control , by Steffen Rimner (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… of Chinese defeat in the face of British imperial power and commercial interests. China wanted to stem the flow of opium … to go to war to protect trade in drugs had been discredited. When the League of Nations came into being in … to prioritize anti-drug trafficking laws as an important component of their activities. In his aptly named Opium’s …

How Public and Private Enterprise Have Built American Infrastructure

… ongoing capital campaign. Workers survey the damage after a commuter train crashed into a passenger car near Valhalla, … of the United States to stabilize and improve the nation’s credit ( left ). The 1993 unveiling of the road sign for the … and internal improvements fill a wagon being pulled in opposite directions with Henry Clay and Horace Greeley on one …
Aftermath of the al-Qaida bombing at the U.S. Embassy in Tanzania in 1998.

When America Was Considered a Rogue Nation

… kingdom were convinced that the United States had become a base for terrorists. No one then actually used the … of Granada and Nicaragua. Foreign diplomats repeatedly complained to the State Department that their countries were … the U.S. government tolerated filibustering, just the opposite was true. It was hardly in the national interest to …
With its rhetoric of "the 99%" (the people) against "the 1%" (the elite), the international Occupy movement is an example of a (left-wing) populist social movement.

A New Populism in the United States

… Americans and white working-class Americans are likely to come out in large numbers in support of an independent … the bill. While Fulani and Buchanan have been accused of compromising their respective positions on social issues, … the country’s latest and best-known two-party defector to command a larger podium from which she can undermine the …
Santorum speaking in Des Moines, Iowa in 2011

Rick Santorum Misunderstands Both Kennedy and Religious Pluralism

… the public acts of its officials.”   Kennedy affirmed his commitment to an America that is “officially neither … ‘Almighty God’” and proclaimed that “the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand … implored all “‘to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah — to ‘undo the heavy burdens . . . (and) …

The Long, Long Struggle for Women's Rights in Afghanistan

… had very recently joined forces with the celebrated Tajik commander Ahmad Shah Massoud to establish the "Northern … , or burqa , a long shapeless gown that hangs from a hat to completely cover everything from head to toe. To our eyes, …
The United States Declaration of Independence

The Writing Is Faded, the Message Lives

… was brilliant, but the process nearly destroyed the text. Compounding the damage was the decision in 1841 to put the … to monitor the condition of the document using a $3 million computerized camera system designed by the Jet Propulsion …
Hand-coloured woodcut of a Methodist camp meeting in Eastham, Massachusetts, c. 1850.

Promise Keepers Stake Male Claim to Moral and Political Power

… Tocqueville noted in the 1830s, Americans are renowned for combining “separation of church and state” with intense, … revivalism follows chronological cycles. It often becomes especially strong when shifts in the economy or in a … most are part of the middle class which politicians feel compelled to cater to in almost every piece of legislation. …
The "Bridge of No Return" that crosses the Military Demarcation Line between North and South Korea.

Avoiding a Pearl Harbor in Korea

… Pearl Harbor. But rather than backing off the United States committed itself to war. In the case of North Korea, though, … 1941, may try to test the resolve of their enemies. These uncompromising and unimaginative stances by all parties …