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Crowd with sign: "Black Caucus for Chisholm"

"Earn Your Spurs" (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 7)

… ticket, join us as we trace the bumpy road of women running for elected office.  … in Episode 3, prominent feminists believed that the only way to enact real change for women was to increase the … of NOW, including Bella Abzug, offered tepid support at best and minimal financial backing. Ultimately losing the …
Print of a tar and feathering in Boston from1774.

Economic Justice — in the Streets

… over Enron’s collapse will revitalize campaign finance reform and deliver gains in the fall elections. Shredded … public interest. Neither did Whitewater in the 1990s. Commentators can’t decide whether Americans are too … of John Adams (who is so popular now among hardcover book buyers), tar and feathers, burned effigies and demolished …
Indian bicycle troops are pictured at the Somme in 1916

The Amritsar Massacre

… civilians in Punjab were shot by British soldiers under the command of the now infamous “Butcher of Amritsar.” British … , and enforce prohibitions on public gatherings. In this way, the British Raj could take credit for bringing … I am dying for my country. What greater honor could be bestowed on me than death for the sake of my motherland?” …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… since the 1970s, shaping the long transition in new ways.”  Windpower, like the windfarm above, has the … over the last four years.  The reasons for that are many, complex, and subject to change in the near and far future.  … innovation.  Others are not so sure this is the best approach , given the long-term aspects of such …

Taiwan's 2008 Elections: A New Direction for the 'Other China'?

… the DPP for decades. The presidential election, held as always on a Saturday to encourage widespread voter … Taiwan (where Ma grew up and went to college), Ma has never visited the Chinese mainland. After graduating at the top of … and a historical legacy that involves patronage of Taiwan's best and brightest, the "old but new" KMT has learned how to …
Shakespeare For All Time, by Stanley Wells Book cover.

Shakespeare For All Time

Review of Shakespeare For All Time, by Stanley Wells (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003)
… testifies to this fascination. William Shakespeare has become more than a brilliant playwright from … commuters themselves. Wells believes Shakespeare to be the best and most deservedly renowned of writers. For Wells … spread across Europe. Nineteenth-century romanticism gave way to Victorianism. Victorian scholarship brought more …

After Putin? Russia's Presidential Elections

… 2000 and Time magazine's "Man of the Year" for 2007, has come to the end of his legal term limit and must step down. … degraded image on the international stage. In this way, he remains a genuinely popular President. Even if he is … War, thought that a very strong Presidency would be the best means to prevent the Communists from taking power …
The Statue of Liberty in New York City.

Where Will “Liberation” Lead?

… liberation of Iraq, the White House tells us, is well under way. With Saddam Hussein’s regime destroyed, American forces will install a new representative government. … of Guatemala’s Jacobo Arbenz dared to undertake a comprehensive land reform campaign, nationalize corporate …
King speaking to an anti-Vietnam war rally at the University of Minnesota in St. Paul, April 27, 1967.

Which Martin Luther King to Honor?

… sides their full due, we will be honoring only a bloodless, comforting reflection of the whole troubling man.  Most … as two branches of the same root problem: the American way of life had become “thing-oriented” rather than … History News Service …
A U.S. Coast Guard boat approaches a sailboat with over 90 Haitian refugees in 1988. The refugees were later returned to Haiti.

Who is responsible for the Elian Gonzalez case?

… Who is responsible for the plight of six-year-old Elian Gonzalez? Fidel Castro? … and poverty, Elian would almost certainly be on his way to U.S. citizenship today.   Before 1994, Cuban … fair to most Americans. After all, Fidel Castro was a Communist dictator. The United States had to open its doors …
President George W. Bush signs a law in front of senators.

The Dark Side of “Faith-Based Initiatives”

… President Bush’s Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives — created to give religious groups tax … on Feb. 20. Behind the administration’s stated pious hopes for this project lies an unspoken fear that respect for … have a crisis of authority, this may prove a dangerous way to resolve it. The link between “faith-based …
Hurricane Elena photographed from Space Shuttle Discovery, September 1, 1985

Rough Weather Ahead

Review of Sea of Storms: A History of Hurricanes in the Greater Caribbean from Columbus to Katrina, by Stuart B. Schwartz (Princeton University Press, 2015)
… Hurricane Elena was responsible for the best meal I had as a college freshman. The 1985 hurricane … A local grocery store lost power and had to give away the stock of meat it couldn’t refrigerate. So my friends … . Young Hamilton survived this encounter and went on to become the first Secretary of the Treasury of the United …
Captured soldiers along the march with their hands tied behind their backs

The Bataan Death March

… of their military forces for granted, such has not always been the case. Perhaps no historical event illustrates … successful defense of the Philippines was problematic at best. With the exception of one division of American … the mercurial personality of General Douglas MacArthur, commander of the U.S. and Filipino forces. Overconfident …
Fort Bragg sign - home of the Airborne and Special Operations Forces

Renaming Southern Army Bases Is Nothing New

… Secessionist cause as just—a noble defense of the Southern way of life. For that he got a street named for him. … the place where they were located. The Army needed local “buy in” to build sprawling bases on large swaths of land to … moves from the Jim Crow era. The opportunity to change our common legacy rests fully in our hands. Renaming these bases …
The Soldiers' Home in Washington, D.C.

“What I Did On My Summer Vacation,” by the President

… invaded the Jersey shore. In the summer of 1903, the always energetic Teddy Roosevelt rowed his wife around Oyster … view of wartime Washington. On most mornings, Lincoln commuted into the city, but during hot summer months his … president shut the doors of his cottage to uninvited visitors. Lincoln met with antiwar politicians while at the …

Blue, Black, and Green: Inflation and the Fate of Argentina

… shooting up, prices and the official record have parted ways.” Real inflation might be two to three times higher … where tourists and porteños (inhabitants of Buenos Aires) come to exchange currency. As one walks the streets, the … and market. Indeed, China has been more than willing to buy Argentine debt. In 2014 Argentina and China signed an …
U.S. Department of Homeland Security seal.

Sharing the Burdens of War

… or paying $350 — big money back then. The wealthy could buy their way out of service while others marched off to risk death, a … draft exemption for college students. At the time, family income was the largest single determinant of who attended … History News Service …
Djiboutian workers fill bags with wheat destined for Ethiopia, provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), at the Port of Djibouti, Africa, Jan. 7, 2013.

The Birth and Death of USAID

… in the beginning of 2025, still working in the name of the commitment that President John F. Kennedy had made in 1961 … study of development. In doing so, they pulled the field away from economists, bringing in anthropologists, … promised that its economic and political model was the best path forward.  Kennedy warned that the United States …
Bird's-eye-view of the 1993 border blockade enacted by CBP Border Patrol agents in El Paso, Texas as part of Operation Hold the Line.

Fortifying the U.S.-Mexico Boundary: The 1993 “Hold the Line” Experiment

… also proposed deploying advanced drug detection machines to combat the influx of fentanyl, which he claimed was … federal border patrol’s access. The seizure was Abbott’s way of taking control of border crossings, which he framed … under specific provisions. These cards enable Mexican visitors to stay in the United States up to 72 hours for
The Kaiser Permanente Building after the Northridge Earthquake in 1994.

California Freeways: Still Seismically Unsafe

… Three years ago, the Northridge earthquake showed us Californians that we live in a dangerous place. The quake took … and, most emblematic of all, toppled many of our freeways. As citizens of the Golden State, we live with the … and undervalued, the seismic program was still incomplete almost two decades later when Loma Prieta struck …
The Benin Bronzes in the African Gallery at the British Museum.

LOOT: Colonial Collections and African Restitution Debates

… North to share collections. Ironically, it was the shortcomings of a UNESCO convention that brought M’Bow to this … “pacification” of colonies by European military forces. The best known example is the plunder of the capital of the … as heritage. Although certain African objects always had an aesthetic appeal for western audiences, the …
Ronald Reagan toasting at a State Dinner during his presidency.

Behind the Reagan Myths, a Mediocre Presidency

… number of letters that prove he was no dummy. A historian’s complaint, however, is larger than chagrin at the number of … in America” on which it rested. When he began his run for the presidency in the late 1970s Americans could be said … its perceptions, values and policies. The comfortable old ways will no longer do. Reagan had an exemplar of this sort …

Interracial Marriage in "Post-Racial" America

… their hometown. After being arrested again in 1963 while visiting relatives in Virginia, Mildred Loving wrote … Grey proved incorrect in the end; state governments found ways to define race. He was right, however, that the … Get Out  features white liberals with seemingly the best of intentions (“If I could, I would have voted for