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A Century of U.S. Relations with Iraq

… some five hours later. This departure of the 3rd Brigade Combat Team of the 1st Cavalry Division of the U.S. … civilians and American soldiers, and inconclusive in outcome. The 2003 U.S. military invasion of Iraq and the … of U.S. relations with Iraq. During the nine decades since Iraq was established as a separate state in the …
The Chrysler Building in New York City.

The “Unimaginable” Has, in Fact, Often Been Imagined

… is the word we have screamed, out loud and in our heads, since last Tuesday. It is the word we heard survivors and … and burned to the very bedrock is Miller’s apocalypse complete. In the paintings of Chesley Bonestell from the … New York in books, on canvas, on movie screens and on computer monitors because it is so unimaginable for us in …
Sir Winston Churchill in 1945.

Churchill on Iraq: “Living on an Ungrateful Volcano”

… of managing the country “impossible.” Little has changed since Churchill came to that sobering conclusion. Like those … the Arab officials of Iraq’s British-backed King Feisal “incompetent.” He noted the gross over-expenditure of monies in … Turkish invasion. He insisted that “there is scarcely a single newspaper . . . which is not consistently hostile to …
Logo for "Canada 150".

Canada 150: Coming Home

… leaders from Métis artist Christi Belcourt to Anishinaabe comedian Ryan McMahon have pointed out that the past 150 … nations. Front and back of the Indian Chiefs Medal, commemorating Treaties 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Canada’s inability … to the United States has invited moral comparisons since its very inception: a peaceful confederation as …

The Dominican Republic and the United States: A Baseball History

… Over the past century, baseball has become a truly global game. The sport debuted at the Olympics … Este's stadium. Image by churl. But nowhere has baseball become more significant than in the Dominican Republic. In … of political and economic control in the Caribbean basin and around the world. The 1898 Spanish-American War …
A photo of the Great Synagogue of Rome.

The Catholic Church and the Holocaust

… “Christianize” the Holocaust in order to play down Catholic complicity in Nazi atrocities. This controversy comes at a time when relations between Jews and Roman … of conscience” — a thorough consideration of one’s past sins. The time has come for the Catholic Church to examine …
Illustration of global public health by Giovanni Maki, 2004.

The WHO and International Public Health

… epidemiological data on infectious diseases, and offer recommendations on sanitation. The OIPH would later become a partner of the League of Nations Health Organization … of the Second World War and through the Cold War. Rising from the Ashes: The WHO is Born The Second World War  …
Native woman with her back to the camera

Reclaiming My Family's Story: Cultural Trauma & Indigenous Ways of Knowing

… Dr. Lucy Murphy  Welcome to Reclaiming My Family's Story: Cultural Trauma and … woman), mother, wife, daughter, granddaughter, sister, cousin, educator, writer and historian. Melissa received her … today to share with you all. Alright, so thank you all for coming out today. As Lucy had said, I'm going to be talking …
Auguste Chouteau—Founder of St. Louis and Head of the Chouteau family

Blood Rules the Water: Kinship Diplomacy in Early America

Review of Masters of the Middle Waters: Indian Nations and Colonial Ambitions Along the Mississippi, by Jacob F. Lee (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019)
… his reader back to a Middle America before Europeans, as commercial and military power shifted between Mississippian … when the Illinois peoples (Lee argues they constitute a single nation) emerged from the east and, primarily through … to place, Lee demonstrates that it is, in fact, a universal commonality shared by Indigenous peoples, Francophones, and …
An orientalist nineteenth century Russian view of Samarkand in the time of Timur.

A Castilian in Samarkand, 1404

… noted that work on the largest mosque in the city had been completed just before his arrival, but Timur ordered its … of Clavijo and the party of other ambassadors who he accompanied to the cosmopolitan city provoked mild interest, … common banner by the sheer charisma and military skill of a single man. His empire was not a state in the traditional …
2011 protest in New Jersey by Garden State Equality in support of same-sex marriage and against deportation of LGBT spouses.

Voting Away Others’ Rights

… of gays and lesbians to marry highlights the danger of exposing civil rights protection to popular vote. Earlier this … gays and lesbians the right to marry, with Florida also choosing to deny both heterosexual and homosexual couples the … religiously intolerant regimes in the world today.   The outcome of the recent referendum in California shows us that …

'The World's Worst Humanitarian Crisis': Understanding the Darfur Conflict

… called it "genocide." The violence and destruction is often compared to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. These tragic events have riveted the international community and attracted unprecedented media attention. … problem of bad governance that has plagued the Sudan since its independence from British colonial rule in 1956. …
Visitors stroll the first section of the High Line Park, over the 18th Street crossing. Frank Gehry's IAC building is in the background.

The High Line: It’s About the Real Estate

… month in Manhattan, it marked roughly a century and a half since the opening of Central Park in 1857. There are obvious … spirit. Even in the mid-19th century, New York City was in competition with new garden suburbs that beckoned well-to-do … dwellers with natural landscaping, open space, and cheap commuter steamer and train service into the city.   …
Dorothea Lange's Migrant Mother depicts destitute pea pickers in California, centering on Florence Owens Thompson, age 32, a mother of seven children, in Nipomo, California, March 1936.

Another Great Depression?

… United States is in the midst of the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. The question is: How close are … Here's why.   The Great Depression was the result of the combination of the 1929 financial crisis and serious … It was pumped up by over-lending by banks and financial companies and over-borrowing by Wall Street. Rising interest …
Female governors left to right, Nellie Tayloe Ross, Ella T. Grasso, Kay Orr, and Gretchen Whitmer.

A Century of Elected Woman Governors in the United States, 1924-2024

… on the idea of continuing their husbands’ unfinished business. In Wyoming, William B. Ross died while governor in October 1924 from complications following an emergency appendectomy. The … the District of Columbia. Women gubernatorial officeholders come from both major U.S. political parties. Since December …
Mather Brown's portrait of Thomas Jefferson.

Joe McCarthy Rides Again

… and now rests in Sen. Joe Lieberman's Homeland Security Committee. Swift Senate passage appears certain. Not since the "Patriot" Act of 2001 has any bill so threatened … guaranteed rights. The late historian Henry Steele Commager, denouncing President John Adams' suppression of …
Image reading "there is no news tonight"

“No News Day” at the BBC

… the cable news networks waited to report the outcome … and waited and waited and waited. Much to the … glitches prevented the Iowa Democratic Party from releasing the results. On CNN, longtime political reporter Wolf … was not yet a news-gathering organization. These editors compiled bulletins from information sent by the British news …
An artistic rendering of the observable universe by Pablo Carlos Budassi. It depicts the Solar System at the center, surrounded by other celestial bodies and galaxies, and cosmic microwave radiation and plasma left over from the Big Bang at the outer edge.

Top Ten Origins: The Universe’s Greatest Hits

… 13.77 billion years ago, our entire observable universe was compressed into the size of a peach and had a temperature of … independent lines of evidence. Out of this basic framework comes a grand history of our universe … and plenty of … electromagnetism, and gravity – were unified into a single force. What this force looked like, how it operated, …

Charles Darwin’s American Adventure: A Melodrama in Three Acts

… 2009, with events sponsored by national and state "Lincoln Commissions," and because of the remarkable presidential … like a badge of honor. So now that the Darwin Year has come to a close, I want to review the difficult reception … At one level, it is easy to argue that little has changed since religious Americans first got angry at Darwin. But it …
a couple in a wedding dress and soldier dress uniform

Between Two Worlds: Jewish War Brides After the Holocaust

… a life in the wake of the Holocaust, many Jewish survivors, community and religious leaders, and Allied soldiers viewed … Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle   Hello, and welcome to Between Two Worlds: Jewish War Brides After the … And I really wanted to know more. And so it became increasingly clear to me and I mentioned Leisha Rose before, this …
Count Gaston aboard his Jeantaud electric, 1899.

The Jeantaud Electric Car Land Speed Record

… speed record of 63.13 km/hr (39.2 mph) over the course of a single kilometer. Although the only electric vehicle at the competition, the Jeantaud handily beat its gasoline-powered competition at the Parc Agricole d’Achères outside Paris.  …