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Image of President Carter displayed in the National Portrait Gallery, Washington DC. Portrait by Robert Templeton.

Obama Can Learn from Jimmy Carter, Too

… to think about the balance between individual wants and common goals.   What was the effect of Carter’s speech? Some … was out of step with the national mood.   Barack Obama, by comparison, inherits a country with greater problems. He … a collective goal.   In Iraq and Afghanistan, American soldiers a minority among their generation — are fighting two …
The flag of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

A European Future for NATO?

… France is rejoining military NATO, the United States is becoming more distant. This may be the best way the United … France would no longer participate in NATO’s integrated command and that NATO military headquarters and U.S. … is pushing to reintegrate France into NATO’s military command. Sarkozy has accurately pointed out that it makes no …
Image of Jimmy Carter during his ‘Malaise’ Speech.

Should Obama Deliver Another ‘Malaise’ Speech?

… to think about the balance between individual wants and common goals.   What was the effect of Carter's speech? Some … was out of step with the national mood.   Barack Obama, by comparison, inherits a country with greater problems. He … a collective goal.   In Iraq and Afghanistan, American soldiers a minority among thheir generation — are fighting two …

Frenemies: Iran and America since 1900

… relations between the United States and Iran have been complicated and edgy as long as anyone can remember. … satisfy the Royal Navy's rapidly expanding appetite for diesel fuel by pumping oil from the world's largest refinery … on one thing—that the Shah must go. When heavily armed soldiers killed 400 protestors and injured 4,000 more in …
From left to right, Secretary of State Colin L. Powell, Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld, National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, and Vice President Dick B. Cheney having a working lunch in 2007.

Foreign Policy Doesn’t Need a Mandate

… executive. History suggests that even a president primarily committed to enacting a domestic agenda can achieve … capital in launching the New Deal, Roosevelt, before he died in 1945, wrenched America from its isolationist … we should not overlook his many foreign policy accomplishments. These successes included negotiating the …
MTA digital message campaign recognizes "Heroes moving Heroes," frontline employees who help other essential workers get to and from their jobs, 2020.

Work and Life after COVID-19

… other business carried out virtually over Zoom. The theater company, Gemini CollisionWorks, gathers most of its 22 … working remotely as they were banded together in an office. Companies might therefore continue to allow employees to … reduced—assuming that the airlines even survive the coming pandemic-induced recession. The economic consequences …
A manuscript image of Pope Innocent IV excommunicating Emperor Frederick II at the Council of Lyon.

Medieval Public Relations Battles

Review of The Two Powers: The Papacy, The Empire, and the Struggle for Sovereignty in the Thirteenth Century, by Brett Edward Whalen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019)
… The medieval period was full of confrontations between the dual … documents written to persuade the public, Whalen uncovers a communications battle between the papacy and the Holy Roman … Both regions were politically volatile, and at various points in the conflict many of the city-states and regions …
Portrait of Jimmy Carter from 1979.

The Nobel Committee Speaks to America

… Carter. By giving him this honor at this time, the Nobel Committee seized the opportunity to express its concern over … initiated toward Iraq. Both the timing and the citation accompanying the prize hinted at more than Carter's undisputed … unfortunate association with the corrupt bank of Credit and Commerce International in the late 1980s has been long left …
A Sea Fight with Barbary Corsairs by Laureys a Castro, c. 1681

Hostage Taking in Algeria Is a 200-Year-Old Story

… The State Department is probably very pleased with the outcome of last week’s hostage crisis in Algeria, although … who joined the remnants of the earlier group (some had died or been released earlier). Not until 1796 did the new … for the captives pushed the government toward an expedient but costly resolution that involved paying large …
The Golubac Fortress was a medieval fortified town on the south side of the Danube River

A Postcard from Djerdap, Serbia

… park can enjoy and reflect these legacies too, while even becoming a part of it themselves. The Djerdap National Park is … site revealed roughly 136 structures, including a central community with several temporary surrounding settlements. … landscape of Djerdap, its strategic importance, and the commitment that it would have demanded to construct and …
Scene in Ukraine

Ukraine, In a Nutshell

Review of The Conflict in Ukraine: What Everyone Needs to Know, by Serhy Yekelchyk (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015).
… the reader.   The reviewer’s photos during the peaceful component of the pro-democracy EuroMaidan protests.  December 2013. As current news broadcasts and websites talk of the plight of today’s Crimean Tartars, many … and a populace can simply start history at a time most compatible with their own mythological narrative.  The only …
Olympic Broadcasting Services covering the men's 10 kilometre marathon swim at the 2012 Olympic Games.

The Big Game on the Small Screen: The Televised Transformation of Sport

… Contemporary televised sport, in many ways, has become a better fan experience than being there live. You get … broadcasts was therefore rudimentary and ad-hoc.   The audience, such as it was, much like the earliest radio audience a decade earlier, was entertained by the fact of …
Kagan, Obama, and Roberts before her investiture ceremony, October 1, 2010.

How Empathy Makes Superior Judges – and Justice

… Obama when he suggested that empathy was an important ingredient in a justice. In fact, the president was simply … to the Supreme Court.   T.R. recognized that those who become judges invariably have had close association with … which he has not drawn his clients.”   If anything, Obama’s comment was more neutral than Roosevelt’s. Roosevelt twice …
Cover of Krupp: A History of the Legendary German Firm by Harold James.

Blood and Steel

Review of Krupp: A History of the Legendary German Firm, by Harold James (Princeton University Press, 2012)
… crimes." 1 Partially as a result, the name Krupp has become synonymous with war profiteering, armaments and the … its legacy. Where Manchester's work heavily emphasizes the company's arms sales, James presents a more balanced account … and was removed from the list of merchants in Essen. 2 He died impoverished two years later. It was his son, Alfried …
Still image from the Movie The Bridge (Criterion Collection).

Top Ten Origins: World War II Films

… away from the actual events of the war, movies have become the dominant means for us to envision them. But can you … stares in shock at an enormous mound of dead Japanese soldiers. He covers his face, weeps, and runs, trying to avoid … man from his time as a labor camp supervisor to Imperial soldier to Soviet POW. 2. Kanal , Poland, Andrzej Wajda, 1957 …
Chinese nuclear bomb on display in China.

A Danger Shared by All

… Lyndon Johnson ordered a task force, the Gilpatric Committee (named after its chairman, former deputy defense … to stop nuclear proliferation. According to the Gilpatric Committee, “Energetic and comprehensive steps must be taken in the near future to …
French demonstrators with purple signs that read "ras le viol"

Violence Against Women

… Violence against women has a long history in human communities. Yet, we live in a time when people across the … an assistant professor of Women's Gender and Sexuality Studies here at The Ohio State University.   Peggy Solic    My … Leticia Wiggins. You can find our podcasts and more at our website, origins.osu.edu, on iTunes and on Soundcloud. And …
 A depiction of the burning of Louisa Mabree, a French midwife and convicted witch, in a cage filled with black cats

The Rise of Freethinkers

Review of The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment , by Michael Hunter (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020)
… of magic. Belief in magic and magical occurrences was commonplace before the Reformation and persisted long after … Keith Thomas’ 1971 Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth- and … society. Hunter describes this study as “brilliant” but points to its shortcomings, namely that the book does not …
The historic Floyd County Courthouse in Rome, Georgia.

Marcus Dixon or Strom Thurmond: Which Is the Predator?

… husband when he was nine) declared that her son “may have committed a sin, but never committed a crime,” she unknowingly evoked the flexible … the courtroom after Dixon’s conviction: “We Shall Overcome.” But it only takes a couple of well-chosen words by a …
Pakistan to US Student Exchange Program, July 2011.

Captive Scholarship Serves Nobody Well

… world, the more necessary a knowledge of foreign nations becomes. Yet Congress is trying to handicap that endeavor by … to bring one group of experts, those in international studies, under stricter government control. This legislation … of federal funding for international or “area studies” programs. These interdisciplinary programs are devoted …

Erdoğan’s Presidential Dreams, Turkey’s Constitutional Politics

… of the Turkish Republic since its founding in 1923: the uncompromising secularism of the first Turkish president, … Mustafa Kemal Atatürk . Although Erdoğan insists that he is committed to secularism, he has won the hearts of millions … Fundamental Organization Law of 1921 was a temporary expedient intended to facilitate military resistance against the …