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Cover of Civilizations of Ancient Iraq, by Benjamin R. Foster and Karen Polinger Foster.

Babylon Revisited

Review of Civilizations of Ancient Iraq, by Benjamin R. Foster and Karen Polinger Foster (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. pp. xii, 297)
… was developed, which produced the world's first poetry and prose and led, eventually, to the development of the Greek … cannot be quantified as objects can. Now, especially in the south, looting is well-organized. Gangs of hundreds of men …
Ludwig van Beethoven in front of sheet music from his first symphony.

Beethoven’s First Symphony

… which advances in science, industrialization, urbanization, and novel ideas about human expression took hold. It also … connections, performed on the piano to an admiring public, and published several compositions. Among these were his … Carol A. Hess.  “The Symphony in Latin America.” Part 1 (South America), part 2 (Mexico, Central America, the …
Image of Shirley Chishorm, Hillary Clinton, Condaleeza Rice, and Kamala Harris

The New Normal (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 8)

… On the Season 1 Finale of Prologued, we look back and what we have learned over the last seven weeks and forward to what this means for the future of women in … of women's history who recently joined the University of Southern California's history department. And she found that …
French demonstrators with purple signs that read "ras le viol"

Violence Against Women

… are beginning to give greater attention to this problem and, at times, to stand against misogynistic violence in all its forms. … interesting case in 1977 in Oakland, California, where four African American women brought one of these lawsuits against …
The Cornalvo Dam, near the city of Mérida in Spain.

Top Ten Origins: Dams

… For millennia, dams have played a central role in human life and natural systems.  They have served myriad uses for … from collecting water for irrigation, drinking, bathing, and leisure, to mitigating flooding, milling grain, stocking … and Xilodu dams, and the Itaipu and Belo Monte dams in South America). 8. Under Construction: Belo Monte Dam in …
Pope Leo XIV in the popemobile at his inauguration, 2025.

Faith, History, and the City of God in the 21st Century

… “We are living in times that are both difficult to navigate and to recount,” he  confessed to reporters. These times … Augustine, he encouraged his audience: “Let us live well and the times will be good. We are the times.” While the … history?  Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa, wrestled with these questions 1600 years ago. …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… In my November 2011,  Origins  article,  Energy Policy and the Long Transition in America , I concluded that … the economics of alternative sources, sustainable fuels, and clean energy will hinge on the price of coal and … a large wind farm in Baja is supplying electricity to Southern California) or Australia (a nation not known for …
Amish schoolhouse in 1941 Pennsylvania.

1/13/2015: Top Ten Origins: The Common Core Curriculum

… Kentucky school, 1946 Common Core is a set of voluntary standards in the United States for the public education system … that detail what children should learn in mathematics and language arts. The curriculum guidelines were released … for national survival against both a rising Asia (think South Korea) and an established Northern Europe (think …

Private Matter or Public Crisis? Defining and Responding to Domestic Violence

… On February 15, 2014, NFL star Ray Rice and Janay Palmer, who were then engaged, were both arrested … In late July 2014, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell also handed Rice a two game suspension. Many felt that the … with domestic matters focused on poor, immigrant, or African American households. They blamed individual failings …
Still image from the Movie The Bridge (Criterion Collection).

Top Ten Origins: World War II Films

… the Second World War often include indelible scenes, moods, and sounds. As we move further and further away from the actual events of the war, movies … a French-Algerian filmmaker, tells the story of North African colonial troops, the discrimination they faced, and
NASA marks Earth Day’s 50th anniversary.

“Give Earth a Chance”: Earth Day and the Politics of Modern Environmentalism

… to sit on a bench in front of the Swedish Parliament, handing out flyers that read, "I am doing this because you … by prominent scientists, environmental policy makers, and a growing cadre of climate activists, Thunberg has … along the scenic beaches of an upscale resort town in Southern California. On January 28, 1969, a Union Oil well …
The so-called "Elgin Marbles," on display in the British Museum

Classics and the Alt-Right Conundrum

… is often rooted in romanticized notions of ancient Greece and Rome, which alt-right groups have appropriated and promoted in recent propaganda. Why and how do … fascination with, especially Sparta, but also the American South, post reconstruction, sort of like the daughters and
A long line of migrants in India

Migration and Mobility: Yesterday and Today

… more than 80 million forcibly displaced people in the world and another 260-plus million international migrants, humans … today seem to be on the move. Debates over immigration and refugee policy in the U.S., Europe, and across the world … rhetoric, you know, there'd be people who were very recent South Asian immigrants, or very recent Arab immigrants, who …
A Church in Novgorod Russia

Russia and the World

… to shape world affairs. But what exactly does Russia want? And how does this compare to its ambitions in the past? In this episode of History Talk , hosts Jessica Blissit and Brenna Miller talk to two experts— Stephen Norris and …   Gerry Hudson  Yeah.   Stephen Norris      In Georgia, South Ossetia.   Brenna Miller  Well, let's turn a little …
Lenin waving flag in front of crowd of workers and soldiers

From Romanovs to Reds: Russia's Revolutions at 100

… In the aftermath, a myriad of political, economic, social, and cultural changes reshaped life inside Russia as the … anniversary of the Russian Revolutions, hosts Brenna Miller and Jessica Viñas-Nelson interview expert guests Drs. Angela … now that the Republic of Georgia and that in the Caucasus, south of the Caucuses, so that there were so many different …
Monument with figures dressed as pop culture figures like Superman, Santa, and Ronald McDonald

1989: The Year That Changed It All

… map of Europe disintegrated, often with little resistance. And the Berlin Wall—that most iconic symbol of the Cold … tumbling down in November. The sense of possibility and astonishment were palpable: the world could change in … Lithuania, and Estonia, in particular, but also in the south of Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and other areas where …
College Green, Ohio University, 1973.

Our Gilded Bronze Age of Higher Education

… United States. During that period, the future looked bright and boundless; new campuses sprouted everywhere; and institutional wealth skyrocketed. American higher education enjoyed great esteem and prestige and was widely regarded as the best in the …

America's "Big Brother": A Century of U.S. Domestic Surveillance

… security contractor Edward Snowden to the Washington Post and the Guardian this past summer. It was made instead in … it held hearings on the activities of the CIA, the FBI, and the NSA. Domestic surveillance intended to protect … Indian Movement. Hoover had long been suspicious of African Americans, having investigated W.E.B. DuBois in his …

The Kids Aren’t Alright: The Policymaking of Student Loan Policy

… years of out-of-state graduate education was expensive, and student loans were his only option to fund it. The bill … my friends. Around 18 million people were enrolled in two- and four-year degree and non-degree granting institutions in … 8% of borrowers' gross monthly income. In addition, 55% of African-American student borrowers and 58% of Hispanic …

What's in a Name?: The Meaning of 'Muslim Fundamentalist'

… Language and Politics Is it a death tax or an estate tax? Are they … use also become a part of the world we are trying to understand. One cannot understand contemporary American politics … of Western Christendom, like the history of India or Africa, simply illustrates one of a number of the different …

Russia, America, and the Conspiratorial Worldview

… theories have proliferated in both the United States and Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union. In … Russian media depicted the election protests in Moscow and St. Petersburg (and throughout the country) in December … a different story, for they are marked “ThailandandSouth Vietnam.” While depicting this rapacious appetite as …
Comic from the Brooklyn Daily Eagle Sun.

“A New and Deadly Menace” (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 2)

… takes us to late imperial China, colonial Mexico, and turn-of-the-century California. Ultimately, a international perspective helps us to understand why the world was ripe was a U.S.-led War on Drugs in … heard this narrative for years from none other than their southern neighbors in Mexico, thanks largely to the …

Cops and Robbers? The Roots of Anti-Doping Policies in Olympic Sport

… Doping scandals have been shaking the world of sport for almost a half century. However, the recent scandal provoked by the announcement from the three-man panel … wins the 100m final at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea ( left ). Bicyclists “sit down” in protest …