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The logo of Solidarność painted on an overturned Soviet era T-55 in Prague in 1990

Poland Takes Charge of Its Own Revolution

Review of Empowering Revolution: America, Poland, and the End of the Cold War, by Gregory F. Domber (The University of North Carolina Press, 2014)
… in the Sejm (Parliament) and the newly-formed Senate to non-Communist candidates. The Polish elections laid the … Polish people show up at the end of the book when they vote against—or decline to vote for in the case of the National … might be an advantageous route to take in the future in order to further US interests abroad, and considering …
Launching of the USS RALPH JOHNSON in Mississippi.

A New Cold War in the Caribbean?

… with his nutty words: the way the Bush administration has compromised American foreign policy and jeopardized world … Russia, which is unhappy about NATO expansion on its borders, not to mention the installation of U.S. missile … the world cannot afford another Cold War-style naval face-off in the Caribbean. And yet it is clear that, if elected, …
the Bowery Boys logo

Best in History Online: The Bowery Boys Podcast

… Boys Podcast also maintains a blog at boweryboyshistory.com , which serves as an additional resource for listeners, but also offers independent stories, notifications on NYC history and … Media/Journalism/Communications …
Auguste Chouteau—Founder of St. Louis and Head of the Chouteau family

Blood Rules the Water: Kinship Diplomacy in Early America

Review of Masters of the Middle Waters: Indian Nations and Colonial Ambitions Along the Mississippi, by Jacob F. Lee (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019)
… his reader back to a Middle America before Europeans, as commercial and military power shifted between Mississippian … White finds that Indigenous nations and French colonial officials were forced to create new ways for cultural and … to place, Lee demonstrates that it is, in fact, a universal commonality shared by Indigenous peoples, Francophones, and …
Young Child dressed in a Uncle Sam costume

Coming to America to Contribute

Review of Ellis Island Nation: Immigration Policy and American Identity in the Twentieth Century, by Robert L. Fleegler Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013
… United States is characterized by three great waves of newcomers. The first wave came primarily from Ireland, Germany, … especially the undocumented migrants who cross the border from Mexico. The three waves of immigrants have … predecessors. It remains to be seen whether contributionism will prove large enough to fully embrace the newest, …
President Obama and McChrystal in the Oval Office in May 2009.

The Presidents and the McGenerals

… The furor over comments made by Gen. Stanley McChrystal and his aides to a … be seen how both of these men and the mission they designed will fare.   History is likely to take into account much … and nuance.   The nation’s involvement in Afghanistan is a good example of this mismatch. That country’s politics are …
Plate of enchiladas at a Mexican restaurant.

Mexican Food in the United States

… Powder  The food tradition of the American Southwest has come about through various populations’ contributions over … Chili Queens . Though often derided by public health officials, these women street vendors in the main public … George Floyd in the summer of 2020. The space contains some 30 businesses of various Latin American origins and has been …
The Taras Shevchenko monument in Borodyanka, Ukraine damaged by the Russian attack, April 2022.

Taras Shevchenko, Poet of Ukraine

… His 1838 poem “Night of Taras,” for example, about a 1630 peasant revolt, included these lines: Ukraine, O my dear … all the Cossacks Whither their red coats? Whither our good fortune And whither blessed freedom? Shevchenko would … was, but we should keep this as it is now.” Learn More: The Complete Kobzar: The Poetry of Taras Shevchenko. Translated …
A view of Cinicinnati in 1841. The waterways that brought cholera to the city feature prominently in this depiction.

Pandemic Redux: Revisiting Cincinnati’s 1849 Cholera in the Age of COVID-19

… December 25, 1848, brought an unwelcome gift to the Queen City. That Christmas Day, a dying man … In 1832, it killed some 2% of Cincinnati’s roughly 30,000 inhabitants. This first global pandemic reflected new … Union. Some of the gutters in the principal streets are so offensive to the eye and nose as to make a walk along them …

Apres Poutine ? Les Elections Presidentielles Russes

… Russie Unie, soutenu par Vladimir Poutine. Le Parti communiste arrive en second avec seulement 11 % des voix, … historique et social, elles s'inscrivent, afin de mieux comprendre leur portée. Il me semble en effet que … le Kremlin dès 1994-1995, a connu une première tentative d'officialisation en 1996 (Boris Eltsine avait alors proposé …
Immigrant rights march for amnesty in downtown Los Angeles, California on May Day, 2006.

Make Residency, Not Just Working, Legal

… about immigrants for the past thirty years. Of course they come from a long line of immigrant restrictionists. FAIR … say either number is too large because these people will take American jobs, lower American wages, pollute the … English eyes, nomadic Indians wasted land better used for good English farms and homes. But the English who settled …
First house built with a loan from the Federal Housing Administration after World War II.

Reforming a Welfare State

… a U.S. audience on the British welfare state, was asked to comment on the American “welfare state.” Explaining that the … citizens, not just those whose lack of employment or low incomes made them eligible. In these countries health care was … for the population as a whole that could be weighed against their costs in taxation. The philosophy behind the …
Print of a tar and feathering in Boston from1774.

Economic Justice — in the Streets

… Democrats now hope that public anger over Enron’s collapse will revitalize campaign finance reform and deliver gains in … public interest. Neither did Whitewater in the 1990s. Commentators can’t decide whether Americans are too … to prevent foreclosures on farms so recently defended against British tyranny. Bankers, merchants and lawyers …
 This is the logo of the Heaven's Gate cult.

Gullible Americans?

… of the Heaven’s Gate suicides now blame everything from comets to cults to cyberspace to the dead themselves — the … The Midnight Cry, which supported the Adventist “prophet,” William Miller, who believed that the world would end on … mental geography in the 1990s is strewn with prophets offering cheap tickets to true heaven — UFO cultists, …
A wood engraving of President Woodrow Wilson from 1918.

The Osama bin Laden of 1916

… the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. The comparison is appropriate. In both cases an attack without … 2001, paraphrasing Franklin Roosevelt, as “a new day that will live in infamy.” Forgotten in the comparisons to … 1916, Mexican warlord Pancho Villa and his men raided the border town of Columbus, N.M. They stole horses and guns, and …
Portrait of President James K. Polk from 1846.

The Lessons of Mr. Polk’s War

… history of foreign occupation, Iraqi civilians would welcome U.S. troops as liberators. Most Iraqis, like most … thought otherwise, and popular resistance soon coalesced against the invaders. In both Iraq and Mexico, U.S. forces … the administration with massacring Iraqis to fill the coffers of Halliburton. Civil war may not be looming just yet …
Cover of Space Travel, November 1958

Gingrich and Romney: Right and Wrong on Space Travel

… — have orbited the earth since 1961. Space travel cannot become cheap until the age of rocketry is replaced by an age … the 1960s? The short answer is that these hopes never got off the ground. They were condemned by the great expense of … When enthusiasts tried to build their own rockets in the 1930s, they quickly discovered that rocket technology needed …
President George W. Bush in 2004.

Bush: Gaining on James Buchanan for Last Place

… three years ago, the greatest worldwide outpouring of goodwill the United States has enjoyed at least since World … pit for the money of American taxpayers for years to come. •  Failed to follow through in Afghanistan, where the … •  Inherited an annual federal budget surplus of $230 billion and transformed it into a $400-plus billion …
American soldiers making rolling barbed wire entanglements during World War I.

War Can Take On a Life of Its Own

… a few weeks the German army constructed a defensive flank against Russia and dramatically invaded France, violating … of the Marne. Both sides then dug in along what would become the great Western Front, a series of trenches extending … crisis, the chorus of calls for immediate retribution will swell ever louder to punish those responsible for these …
The Temple of Kukulkan at Chichén Itzá.

A Postcard From Chichén Itzá

… the Temple of Kukulkan, the god to whom the sacrifice was offered. The four sides of the temple represent the four … Indigenous Communities …
 Haile Selassie in 1942

Emperor Haile Selassie I Returns Triumphant to Ethiopia

… capital city, Addis Ababa. The Ethiopian Emperor was accompanied by battle-tested companies of Patriot guerilla … known as Walwal where, on December 5, 1934, there was a border skirmish in which 21 Italians and 107 Ethiopians were … that the Emperor, the Government and the people of Ethiopia will not bow before force; that they maintain their claims …
A barricade in central Berlin during the March 1848 uprising.

March 1848: The German Revolutions

… Yes, your Royal Highness, Everybody!” — Hanau People’s Commission to Prince-Elector Friedrich Wilhelm, 1848. On … from Paris, where in late February 1848 protests erupted against King Louis Philippe, who came to power after the 1830 revolution in France. Louis Philippe abdicated on …
The sickle and hammer on a Soviet Union flag from the 1930s.

A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (The New Cold War History)

Review of A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (The New Cold War History) , by Vladislav Zubok (2007, University of North Carolina Press)
… motives and the messianic revolutionary ideals of Russian communism. 2 Originating in Czarist Russia, traditional … the Soviet Union's security. On the other hand, messianic communist ideals, which date back to Bolshevik upheaval of … was important to Khrushchev was to maintain the spread of communism. Khrushchev's calls for peaceful coexistence were …