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America's Long-Suffering Mental Health System

… wake of a mass shooting such as the one in Parkland, FL, commentators, pundits, and politicians all gather around to … incapable of caring for themselves or died. Doctors Walter Freeman (left) and James W. Watts (right) studying an X-ray … act provided funding to outpatient clinics for patients to visit for therapy or medications. Other states followed …
Vigil commemorating the 20th anniversary of the 1989 massacre

New Protests in China Won’t Be the Last

… crowds of up to ten thousand marched in northeast China. Unfortunately, as in the past, the soundbites typically … a way to use history when trying to make sense of China’s complicated present. Another kind of continuity between 1989 … come to bad ends. Some Tiananmen manifestoes called for free elections, but more complained that official corruption …
The Dream of Worldwide Democratic and Social Republics – The Pact Between Nations, a print prepared by Frédéric Sorrieu, 1848.

Nationalism in Decline

… concerns. Whether subduing Iraq and Afghanistan, combating sex trafficking, restricting nuclear weaponry or … that promised respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, … for Chile’s former dictator Augusto Pinochet, who was visiting London for medical attention. Now a foreign …

The Long Legacy of World War I

… democracies, and political experiments such as Bolshevik communism. Much of Europe lay in tatters and virtually an … I battlefields to reconnect with their loved ones. Others visited the tombs of the unknown warriors, under the Arc de … “Increase payments to the soldiers’ families—defenders of freedom and world peace.” Russia was not destined to lose …
The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs Book Cover

The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism

Review of The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs (Viking Books, 2006)
… Humboldt, Nevada. Humboldt, Iowa. Humboldt County, California. The Humboldt River. All these places, and … to honor a German naturalist who made exactly one brief visit to the United States early in the nineteenth century, but whose adventures and accomplishments were so much admired they made him an …
Tilden illustration - a hand on another hand that is on a gun on a table with papers

Top Ten Origins: Other “Unprecedented” Elections in American History

… in the moment. Some, however, really do represent something completely new in American political history, and not always … following ten elections each brought something never seen before to the American electoral process—and the effects of … Canada. Expansion for the slave south, expansion for the free-labor north. Polk won the general election on a slogan …

What's in a Name?: The Meaning of 'Muslim Fundamentalist'

… perceive that reality. In so doing the words we use also become a part of the world we are trying to understand. One … Sillett's piece, titled "Don't Betray Your Heritage for Obama's 'Change'" made use of a keyword that is on many …

All Politics is Local: Understanding Boko Haram

… The consensus among many academics, journalists, and commentators is that Boko Haram is an Islamist organization … from Mali, North Africa, Egypt, and the Saharan oases visited the region of West and Central Africa known as … followers and attempted to establish a separatist community free from the corruption of the Hausa Muslim rulers. …

Killing the Arctic

… patterns in the south, Arctic meteorology has increasingly come to affect them. The Arctic’s terminal decline, then, … and at sea. This is not to say that the Arctic had been free of blood beforehand. Natives significantly affected … via the northern coasts of Scandinavia and Russia—paid a visit to the Greenland ice cap. During this journey, he …
Cartoonist Clifford Berryman depicts Uncle Sam after a hard-won U.S. victory in Santiago Bay, Cuba during the Spanish-American War.

What Happened When We Stayed the Course in Cuba

… and weakness fails. In a recent speech to the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Bush said that history provides "lessons … remain determined, said Bush; if we waiver, Iraq will become another Vietnam. No one should be surprised that Bush … President Bush: Struggling new governments require not just freedom from tyranny, but also freedom to guide their own …
Book cover of To Break Russia's Chains by Vladimir Alexandrov

Terrorism as the Path to a Better Russia

Review of To Break Russia’s Chains: Boris Savinkov and His Wars Against the Tsar and the Bolsheviks by Vladimir Alexandrov (New York: Pegasus Books, 2021)
… Boris Savinkov’s life provides rich material for a biographer. A revolutionary terrorist in late imperial … the Bolsheviks because they betrayed the revolution and the freedoms it won.” While Savinkov has already been the … and sent to Vologda. It was there he decided to become a writer, sending his first short story to Maxim Gorky. …
View of the Solovetskii Monastery.

A Postcard from Solovki

… stand at the bow of the ferry as the water of the White Sea comes in wave after wave through the hole in the gunwale for … with Greenland, as the ice cover melts away there, freed from the weight, Greenland will rise up.) Now, you … and other factors on the growth patterns of this flora. Visitors stroll in the Botanical Gardens, Solovki. The monks …
A Jewish menorah, which is used during Hanukkah.

How Hanukkah Became the Jewish Christmas

… by stampeding to the shopping mall. It’s also a chance for purists to ruin the fun by insisting that Hanukkah has … been a minor Jewish festival. Yet this holiday — which commemorates the successful Israelite revolt in the second … including the newly secularized Christmas. “Santa Claus visited the East Side last night,” the New York Tribune …
The signing of the Magna Carta at Runnymede, as represented in a nineteenth-century engraving

The Magna Carta and Its Legacy

… (ecclesiastical censure) in England and to his own excommunication, the troubling loss of his French possessions, … power. When the rebel barons seized London, King John was forced to capitulate to their demands. Meeting on a field at … the most important clause, however, is clause 39 : “No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his …
Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe , by Margaret Jacobs book cover.

Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe

Review of Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe , by Margaret Jacobs (Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006)
… lodges, and the radicalization of the 1790s, designed for the interested, though not scholarly reader. According … Industrial West and The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons and Republicans. This allows her to easily skim over the often complicated inter-relations between politics, science, and …
A U.S. FBI agent sorts through rubble. (Photo by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation)

The 1998 East African Embassy Bombings

… but at the time it seemed like a relatively minor threat in comparison with established groups like Hamas and Hizballah. … of militant groups called The International Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders. The document amounted … blinded by flying glass and it took rescuers two days to free all the people buried in the rubble and debris. As …
The detonation of the Castle Bravo thermonuclear bomb

Top Ten Origins: Civil Defense, Nuclear War, and Duct Tape

… administration and the North Korean regime and an errant incoming missile alert in Hawaii have focused America’s … on how the country would respond to a nuclear attack for the first time since the end of the Cold War. In the … their personal vehicles. 8. 1983 – The Day After a Nuclear Freeze DVD cover image of the 1983 film The Day After …
Portrait of President James K. Polk from 1846.

The Lessons of Mr. Polk’s War

… intelligence, launches a war on specious pretexts. American forces occupy the enemy capital but cannot impose a … history of foreign occupation, Iraqi civilians would welcome U.S. troops as liberators. Most Iraqis, like most … which upset the delicate balance between slave and free states, played a major role in fomenting the splits …

Playing Politics: Olympic Controversies Past and Present

… especially in Tibet, make Beijing an unworthy host for the celebration of human athletic prowess in the Games … other hand, speak piously of keeping politics out of sports competition. I am frequently asked, "Must politics be a part … this year is the vexed question of Tibet. Although the "Free Tibet" Internet site calls for full boycott, most other …
A Uyghur hunter in Kashgar, 2005.

Xinjiang: From Autonomy to Dystopia

… to see if they carry unauthorized content or “harmful information.” Xinjiang became a dystopian surveillance society … more recently, of settler colonialism. It is also based on competing visions of history and of who belongs to the land. … sign unequal treaties that allowed their subjects to trade freely and to be exempt from Qing law. The Russian empire …

Original Origins

… Ambivalence: America's Historic Approach to Welfare Reform  (revised 2023) [PDF] Future Schools, Future Children: …   [PDF] Manhood on Trial: Homosexuality, Conduct Unbecoming, and the Military   [PDF] The State of the World …  [PDF] Come Firewalk With me  [PDF] Racism, Hate and Free Speech: The Search for New Boundaries of Sensitivity …
Sign that reads, "You are either affected or infected with HIV/AIDS."

HIV/AIDS: Past, Present and Future

… of HIV/AIDS  as a phenomenon that began in the 1980s, when news first broke of a mysterious and highly deadly disease. … to the globalization and economic neoliberalism that transformed the global economy in the late twentieth century. On … of HIV/AIDS in both the United States and around the world. For more Origins coverage of HIV/AIDS and other related …
Portrait of James Madison.

The Hidden Consequences of Campaign Finance Reform

… The campaign finance reform bill passed by Congress will affect not only the … discussion of issues over party politics but make political compromise even more difficult than it is today. In 1787, … at election time would violate the political benefit of freedom of speech: free expression in the discussion of …