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Israeli Prime Minister, Levi Eshkol

Six Days That Shook The World

Review of The Six Day War: The Breaking of the Middle East, by Guy Laron (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017)
… administrations that deemed the application of force a welcome distraction from domestic problems. At the same time, … offensive mindset—“Rabin’s Schlieffenplan,” (145) as Laron coins it in pointed allusion. Rabin's "Schlieffenplan:" an … but also offer rewarding reading experiences to public audiences with much patience and stamina. …
Glacial ice on Lake Baikal

Climate Change and Human Life

… populations throughout the world to a world where in the future, we're going to find that most biomass was … in the last five years is how much major decision-making bodies, sadly, non-democratic decision-making bodies, have … Wiggins. Song and band information can be found on our website. You can find our podcasts and more at our website, …
photo of FDR.

Picking Up Where FDR Left Off

… the economic crisis ripples through the world, some liberal commentators say that the only solution to it is a … There was a political side to the global New Deal, too, embodied in the United Nations. Many of the UN's founders wanted … as one people." Ira Chernus is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder and a writer …
book cover - Helmut Walser Smith, The Butcher’s Tale: Murder and Anti-Semitism in a German Town

Top Ten Origins: Summer 2019 Must Reads

… The perfect companion to nearly any summer activity is a good book. And, … present. 3. David Olusoga, The World’s War: Forgotten Soldiers of Empire , Head of Zeus, 2014.  Reminding us that the … Kate Brown, Manual for Survival: A Chernobyl Guide to the Future , W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2019.  Even casual …
A Marine Corps M1 Abrams tank patrols a Baghdad street after its fall in 2003 during Operation Iraqi Freedom.

Who Will Pay for Iraq and When?

… of taxing citizens. Lotteries, an essential source of income for 42 states today, helped pay for the Revolutionary War. The income tax first surfaced in the United States to pay the huge … war. Half a century later, in 1913, Congress passed an income tax. That progressive tax began at 1 percent for …
Various sedimentary rock strata are visible in many areas of Badlands National Park.

Ten Moments of Insight in America’s National Parks

… the intellect with emotion and place. You can follow our common fight for independence and creating and keeping a … history, our environment, our culture, our fights and our future. When you “pair the intellect with emotion and … The family moved to the United States in 1923, and Eero studied architecture at Yale. In February 1948 Saarinen’s …
President George Bush signing deregulation papers with gas company employees looking on

Texas, Enron, and Energy Monopolies

… least some of the blame can go to the now-disgraced energy company, Enron, and its misuse of long-held American … images of the financial slight of hand that ruined the company in 2001. But before that point, both Ken Lay and … promise of electricity deregulation. As Enron put it, the company was working to “bring competition to the U.S. retail …
Image of T2 Atomic Demolition Munition from the 1950s.

The Test-Ban Treaty and the Cold War’s Lessons

… When U.S. senators voted to reject the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, they took a giant step … life. Ignoring that lesson risks creating a more dangerous future. On July 16, 1945, J. Robert Oppenheimer watched an … over Russian territory, those hopes faded. But they did not die. Long before President Clinton signed the Comprehensive …
Thomas Jefferson

The Road to a New American Aristocracy

… that the blood in their veins distinguished them from the common herd. Despite the rhetoric about property rights that … this was a radical proposal. In the 18th century when a man died his estate often passed complete to his eldest son. This form of inheritance, known …
Gettysburg Museum and Visitor Center display.

America Needs New Words on Sept. 11

… surely will be. But they are inappropriate for this coming Sept. 11, no less than a newspaper printing last … Sept. 11.Even more, it’s a time to articulate what a better future would look like and what all Americans — as … National Philadelphia” and director of American Culture Studies at Bowling Green State University. …
Minaret Islam Khoja in Khiva

A Postcard from Khiva, Uzbekistan

… of Samarkand, and those passengers eager to explore the medieval monuments gather their bags and exit the train. Back … history. The train stops in Urgench, a quiet and comparatively modern city of about 150,000 people. Exiting … fourth century B.C.E. Khorezmians were minting their early coins by the second century B.C.E. A century later the …
Photograph of Augusto César Sandino, taken between 1927 and 1934

The Sandino Manifesto and the Birth of the Nicaraguan Revolution

… U.S.-based corporations, most infamously the United Fruit Company, used bribery and other methods to gain the support … 1927. The movement involved both Liberal leaders—including future presidents José María Moncada and Juan Bautista … Report . Washington, D.C.: The Institute for Policy Studies, 1981. Finzer, Erin S. “Modern Women Intellectuals and …
Print of "The Epiphany of the New Antichrist" by Romeyn de Hooghe.

The Myth of the Jewish Antichrist: Falwell Stumbles Badly

… The upcoming millennium is not just about computers; it’s also … of all Americans and Jews in particular. Falwell told an audience in Kingsport, Tenn., that the Antichrist was probably … The New Testament says no such thing. Early Christian and medieval theologians tossed together a large number of often …
Cover of Fears of a Setting Sun: The Disillusionment of America's Founders by Dennis C. Rasmussen

Such a Disappointment

Review of Fears of a Setting Sun: The Disillusionment of America’s Founders, by Dennis C. Rasmussen (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2021)
… by the idea that the present seems pretty terrible in comparison with the past, even if that past is mythic or not … decade of his life, however, Jefferson’s faith in America’s future soured, and slavery played a central role in this … James Madison, who retained his optimism about America’s future to the end of his life, serves here as the …
The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World, by Lorenz M Luthi Book Cover

Clashing Shades of Red

Review of The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World, by Lorenz M Luthi (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008)
… Here's an essay question for you.  When future generations look back on our times, what do you think … car ride.  A few months back I was participating in a workshop where the featured guest made an impassioned argument … in the Cold War — it drove decision-making within the communist bloc through the 1950s.  For Lüthi, alternative …
President Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Voting Rights Act as MLK and other civil rights leaders look on.

Can today’s candidates revive Martin Luther King’s “shattered dreams”?

… forcing politicians to make hard choices and progressive commitments. Democratic candidates have recently been … more intransigent than legal desegregation: unemployment, income inequality, poverty, voter disaffection, and racial … for the poor” would see no end. Marches, civil disobedience, voter organization at the bottom of American society …

A New World Order? Africa and China

… On one hand, huge new markets have opened to American companies; on the other, Chinese producers have created … developing their negotiation strategies. The Sino-African Future Since the China-Africa Summit of 2004, China has … can learn through China, it is how to imagine their own future, explore new possibilities, and engage with the rest …
The ship Ile de Sein laying fiber-optic cable off the west coast of Canada, 2007.

From the Transatlantic Telephone to the iPhone

… an app (maybe Skype, maybe FaceTime) to unlock portals of communication. Apple’s original iPhone, released in 2007. … two anniversaries this month—the opening of the first commercial transatlantic telephone service on January 7, … phone, but Jobs’ creation is as much a harbinger of the future as a product of the past. Our iPhones are still very …
A protest for nuclear disarmament

We Cannot Afford to Neglect Nuclear Disarmament

… for new nuclear weaponry. The U.S. refusal to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty to eliminate nuclear test … and the United States aren’t on the same page when it comes to dealing with Iran. Great danger also exists in … is an essential first step. Failure to do so leaves future generations exposed to the threat of nuclear …

The Long, Long Struggle for Women's Rights in Afghanistan

… had very recently joined forces with the celebrated Tajik commander Ahmad Shah Massoud to establish the "Northern … nothing demonstrates the essentially "backward" or "medieval" nature of Afghan society more than its treatment of … Young Turk movement and he soon became convinced that the future of the Islamic world in general, and Afghanistan in …
Pope Francis smiling from inside a car as he leaves the White House in 2015.

Embracing the Pope–Selectively

… Protestants. Evangelical-Catholic relations have come a long way over the last generation, but for all their … affirming what these two branches of Christendom hold in common. And in the best-selling Christian novel, “Left … to embrace John Paul II’s legacy fully anytime in the near future. To do so would force them to rethink their politics, …
Miklós Horthy, Hungarian regent, and Adolf Hitler in 1938.

Hitler’s Gamble with Destiny, 1941

… Hitler created the opposite of what he intended to accomplish by invading the Soviet Union. Instead of destroying … again. Although the idea of containing Germany has never completely disappeared, the EU has taken on a robust life of … of Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union will eventually die out. But in terms of historical cause and effect, 60 …
A photograph of Dr. David Livingstone from 1857.

Dr. Livingstone, I Presume?: Missionaries, Journalists, Explorers, and Empire

Review of Dr. Livingstone, I Presume?: Missionaries, Journalists, Explorers, and Empire, by Clare Pettitt (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2007)
… The writer Walter Benjamin once suggested that "History decomposes into images, not narratives" and Clare Pettitt … to Livingstone's servants Susi and Chuma. Livingstone died shortly after being so famously found and it was they … role in shaping our view of Africa. While Livingstone had died shortly after the meeting, Stanley continued to be a …

Who Owns the Nile? Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia’s History-Changing Dam

… surreptitiously acquired from Stratfor, the Texas security company, revealing Egyptian and Sudanese plans to build an … navigated until 1968 by a team of British and Ethiopian soldiers and civilians equipped by the Royal Military College … in 330 C.E. For 16 centuries (until 1959) the Egyptian bishop of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church was appointed by the …