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Abraham Lincoln Campaign Poster 1860

"Great God, What does it Mean?" - Lee's Escape at Williamsport

… history is the Battle of Gettysburg. While many will commemorate the battle itself, the decision not to press … attack, and if he succeeded, the general could take all the credit himself. Hamlin arrived, but his efforts only annoyed … including anti-slavery Republicans like Oliver Howard and James S. Wadsworth, wanted desperately to attack. An officer …

Colombia: On the Brink of Peace with the FARC?

… June 23, 2016, while most of the world was awaiting the outcome of the Brexit vote, another major historical event was … read: “I am not a man, I am the people” and “The people are superior to their leaders.” This conflagration would blossom … on motorcycles gunned down individuals in front of their homes or in their offices or cars, attacks that continued …
Photo of William Colby

Casting the Long Shadow of the CIA

Review of Shadow Warrior: William Egan Colby and the CIA, by Randall B. Woods (New York: Basic Books, 2013)
… William Colby has become a more or less forgotten figure in the turbulent … of Scandinavia and preventing the political success of the Communist Party in Italy. In 1959, however, Colby was given … his career with the CIA: South Vietnam. The South Vietnamese regime headed by Ngo Dinh Diem was problematic from the …
Spirits of Defiance: National Prohibition and Jazz Age Literature, by Kathleen Drowne Book Cover

Spirits of Defiance: National Prohibition and Jazz Age Literature

Review of Spirits of Defiance: National Prohibition and Jazz Age Literature, by Kathleen Drowne (Columbus: Ohio State University, 2005)
… to loosen his creativity and imagination. As we have come to know Fitzgerald the person, the chances are good … one may inquire as to whether the issue was as politically compelling as Drowne contends, or whether those people who … with the prohibition era and its literature. To her credit, I find myself compelled to read many of the books …
The detonation of the Castle Bravo thermonuclear bomb

Top Ten Origins: Civil Defense, Nuclear War, and Duct Tape

… administration and the North Korean regime and an errant incoming missile alert in Hawaii have focused America’s … Now anyone on earth, even thousands of miles from the site of a blast, could be killed or injured by nuclear … (DHS). Tasked to prepare for, prevent, and respond to domestic emergencies, primarily terrorist attacks, 22 …
The new Terrorism Confinement Center in El Salvador, which opened in February 2023, was built to detain thousands suspected gang members.

Marching Back to the Past: Militarism in El Salvador

… average citizens with no connection to crime have become victims of this policy —especially poor and young … violence by the National Police and the Armed Forces, sometimes without evidence. Reports of young men detained without … of right-wing president Antonio Saca in 2004, Operation Super Mano Dura continued these anti-gang policies. This …
A Church in Novgorod Russia

Russia and the World

… But what exactly does Russia want? And how does this compare to its ambitions in the past? In this episode of … Jessica Blissit  Welcome to History Talk , the podcast that brings together a … that will be on Origins, which is kind of your sister website of History Talk. There's shameless self-promotion.   …
Most U.S. casualties, like these in a C-17 military transport aircraft, return to Dover Air Force Base in Dover, Delaware. (unknown date)

For Mom, Blueberry Pie — and Iraq?

… on “the near absence among the men I worked with… of any comprehension of what Nazism meant.” Commentator Dwight Macdonald called the war simply “the … only when they felt personally endangered. The New York Times reported that the typical soldier thought simply that …
 A depiction of the burning of Louisa Mabree, a French midwife and convicted witch, in a cage filled with black cats

The Rise of Freethinkers

Review of The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment , by Michael Hunter (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020)
… of magic. Belief in magic and magical occurrences was commonplace before the Reformation and persisted long after … period. The third chapter is where Hunter’s argument comes into sharp focus. Here, he examines the paradoxical role … that Hunter only devotes one chapter to Scottish magic and superstition. While Chapter 6, which focuses on …
Comic from the Brooklyn Daily Eagle Sun.

“A New and Deadly Menace” (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 2)

… drugs, we find that stories of drug wars are actually quite commonplace. Ultimately, these drug wars, waged across … of India where most of this opium was grown. So sometimes it's called the “triangular trade,” because England, … there's actually a specific Spanish conquistador who takes credit for an 1830s, a guy by the name of Pedro Quadrado. …
Cover of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire by Giusto Traina.

The End of the World as They Knew It

Review of 428 AD: An Ordinary Year at the End of the Roman Empire, by Giusto Traina (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. pp. xix, 203. Trans. by Allan Cameron)
… sphere of influence. In this context Flavius Dionysius, commander of Rome's eastern military forces and a native of … "born in the purple" and responded to the spirit of the times in purposeful ways through ceremony and propaganda which … that the western emperor Valentinian III ruled, under the supervision of his mother Aelia Galla Placidia. The latter, …
Valerie Plame in 2008.

A Dirty–and Deadly–Trick

… Office shenanigans. Presidents and their underlings have committed numerous immoral, illegal or dodgy acts. They’ve … stocks for supporting federal land giveaways to railroad companies in 1873. Warren G. Harding’s secretary of the … the proceeds to buy guns for the Contras. In the ensuing mess, several administration members lied to Congress. Their …
Refugee tents in Piraeus port.

A Postcard from a Piraeus Refugee Camp

… one day after the author's arrival. ( United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees ) We came to Greece with only a … plastic cups. After the first day, we would stop by the supermarket on our way to Piraeus and stuff our bags full of … for "Tide," "Gillette," or "Pampers." (American brand names largely served as our lingua franca.) Although I speak a …
Antichristus, a woodcut by Lucas Cranach the Elder: the pope depicted as the Antichrist, using his temporal power to grant authority to a generously contributing ruler.

The Bible as a Political Tool

… The 5,280-pound monument of the Ten Commandments installed by the Alabama Supreme Court Chief … all intents and purposes, Hebrew (in translation of course) comes a close second.   Moore’s claim that the Ten …
Sonia Sotomayor, U.S. Supreme Court justice.

Attacks on Sotomayor Ignore Court’s History and Makeup

… process. What’s unusual is that conservatives are complaining about the Court at the same time they’re … the presidents who appointed them are gone, the Court’s composition frequently lags behind the country’s political … left. At least then the right’s attacks on the Court will mesh better with reality. Jeremy C. Young is a doctoral …
Robert Smalls pictured between 1870-1880.

The Remarkable Life of Robert Smalls

… the state of Confederate fortifications there. Union Naval commanders acted quickly and successfully on this … the city. Impressed with his skill as a pilot, Union commanders eventually promoted Smalls to captain and gave him command of the Planter , making him one of the highest paid …

The Ukrainian Crisis: In Russia's Long Shadow

… of Ukraine: Russia cannot be an empire without Ukraine and coming to terms with Ukraine’s separate nationhood is a … decided to seize the Crimean peninsula to bolster his domestic popularity, but in so doing he exploited complexities … nations. With Ukrainian independence, Russia lost many sites enshrined in its historical memory, including the …

China Dreams and the “Road to Revival”

… 29, 2012, newly appointed General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Xi Jinping gave a speech that would … can be heard on Dragon TV; and state-sponsored websites devoted to the China Dream litter the Internet. The … Chinese Dreams and The National Museum What is sometimes overlooked in discussions of “China Dream” is the …
The Prairie Dog is an anti-Jefferson satire, relating to Jefferson's covert negotiations for the purchase of West Florida from Spain in 1804.

Not American Enough? This Political Slur Has a Long History

… with President Obama's birth certificate, still not completely laid to rest, is an extreme version of a tactic … will be soaked with blood, and the nation black with crimes." Rep. Fisher Ames of Massachusetts claimed that "the … Democratic candidate John Kerry in 2004. President Bush's Commerce Secretary Don Evans publicly remarked that Kerry …
Downstream view of Marco Polo Bridge by Thomas Child, 1877. Source: Wikimedia Commons.

The Marco Polo Bridge Incident (1937)

… post-1868 empire, including Korea and Taiwan . The Chinese Communist Party would be reborn and re-legitimized through … year, the ROC capital of Nanjing fell in what one military commentator called “the worst holocaust of brutality since … II, 1937-1945 . Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2013 . Morley, James William, ed. The China Quagmire, Japan’s Expansion on …
Castilian ambassadors attempt to ally themselves with Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada.

The Iberian Realm of Islam

Review of Kingdoms of Faith: A New History of Islamic Spain, by Brian A. Catlos (New York: Basic Books, 2018)
… The reality of the Islamic kingdoms in Iberia was far more complex. Castilian ambassadors attempt to ally themselves … of unrest were already apparent. Factions emerged among competing groups—including among the ruling Umayyad dynastic … been. This illustration is from a Castilian handbook on games. Arabs brought chess to the Iberian Peninsula. Kingdoms …
Russian chemist and educator Dmitrii Mendeleev

Mendeleev's Periodic Table

… chemists had worked to find an organizing principle that encompassed all of the known elements and that could be … characteristics—they were largely inert and resistant to combining with other substances—but the entire set fit … in 1952. A 1923 Deming Periodic Table ; chemists frequently credit Horace Deming, a professor at the University of …
Cover of Trotsky A Biography by Robert Service.

Trotsky: A Biography

Review of Trotsky: A Biography, by Robert Service (Cambridge, MA, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009)
… speculative thinking with his new biography on Trotsky. Coming after his previous biographies on Lenin and Stalin, … rationale behind the actions of his principle actor becomes increasingly problematic as the book progresses. … arguments used to justify these policies. The result is a superficial retelling of the Russian Revolution. Thankfully, …
The last Soviet forces leave Afghanistan via Friendship Bridge in February of 1989

What They Left Behind: The Soviet Union in Afghanistan

… in February 1989—twenty-five years ago—the Soviet Union completed withdrawal of its combat forces across the … the American architect Ada Louise Huxtable (in a New York Times piece) fondly called “an architectural sputnik,” took … shopping centers, and skyscrapers built by the country’s super rich. Kabul’s skyline, as seen here in 2010, is sure …