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A New World Order? Africa and China

… On one hand, huge new markets have opened to American companies; on the other, Chinese producers have created … companies. In addition, Angola received another line of credit from China that was pegged at 1.5% over 17 years. … developing their negotiation strategies. The Sino-African Future Since the China-Africa Summit of 2004, China has …
Flag of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

NATO Expansion in Eastern Europe: For What and For Whom?

… funded by the United States, to contain/encircle Soviet and Communist power in Eastern Europe, prevent powerful … while hailing the “death of Communism” as proof that the future belongs to media-savvy versions of Herbert Spencer … World nations, there would be little need for NATO, much less NATO expansion. Norman Markowitz is a member of the …
Israeli troops during the battle for the Sinai

The Suez Crisis (1956)

… the international order was disrupted by the Suez Crisis, a complicated imbroglio marked by the intersection of European … Dwight D. Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles frequently discussed U.S. policy during the Suez Crisis. … meets with Israeli Ambassadors Y. Avidar (Moscow), Y, Tsur (Paris), Abba Eban (Washington), and E. Elath (London) …
A Biafran child suffering the effects of starvation due to the federal blockade during the Nigerian Civil War

“No Victor and No Vanquished” - Fifty Years after the Biafran War

… shape the narrative of Nigerian identity and the nation’s future. Map of Nigeria. Equally important, the historical … and cultural challenges. The crisis that would become the Nigerian Civil War began on January 15, 1966 when a … among public officials, the government’s failure to ensure equitable distribution of economic resources, and …
Rick Santorum at prayer, 2012

Rick Santorum and Fundamentalist Catholicism

… only man capable of exorcising the demon.   Santorum has surged in the polls among GOP voters precisely because he is so comfortable mixing politics and religion. He presents a … American Catholics have tried to overcome. What may be less familiar is that Santorum’s brand of Catholicism — what …
El 5 de julio por S. Davies, Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

What’s Really At Stake in the Venezuelan Election

… will be no grounds for the United States to reject its outcome. Both U.S. presidential candidates have made … Latin American populists cultivated highly personalist styles of leadership while they nationalized key industries, … What’s at stake in this referendum is not only the future of Chavez, but the integrity of American foreign …
Greek troops with a machine gun during the war

The Greco-Turkish War

… Greco-Turkish war erupted. The war resulted in the largest compulsory population exchange in history up to that time (2 … Grande Rue de Péra. The armistice of 11 November in 1918 is credited for ending the fighting of the First World War, but … Initially, the Greek Army’s intent was to secure the region surrounding the Smyrna occupation zone, but by the summer of …
Washington Receiving a Salute on the Field of Trenton by John Faed, featuring Blueskin.

Does Experience Really Help?

… is likely to run again. So relevant "experience" is hard to come by.This presidential season, everybody is talking about … presidents, other than Lincoln? George Washington? Sure. He's the mold that all seek to fit. But he was never a … was the first president, so he set the precedents for all future presidents. He had no "experience" to guide him. He …
A scene from the revolution

The People Power Revolution, Philippines 1986

… Marcos’s twenty-year rule. This People Power Revolution surprised and inspired anti-authoritarian activists around … since well before Marcos’s declaration of martial law. Committed activists who organized underground in the Philippines, in exile, and in the diaspora worked tirelessly to broadcast news of the Marcoses’ human rights …

A Century of U.S. Relations with Iraq

… some five hours later. This departure of the 3rd Brigade Combat Team of the 1st Cavalry Division of the U.S. … appeared that the United States had found a formula for ensuring the long-term stability and anti-communism of Iraq. … demonstrated Hussein's reckless aggressiveness and the futility of Bush administration efforts to deal with him on …
Pope Francis holding Bible

The People's Pope and the Changing Face of Catholicism

… how his actions fit into the Church's traditions and its commitment to social justice. Listen and explore hundreds of … something our listeners can keep an eye out for in the future. So thank you to our three guests, Tina Sessa, David … Wiggins. You can find our podcasts and more at our website origins.osu.edu , on iTunes and on Soundcloud and as …
In the 2020 presidential election (held using 2010 census data) Joe Biden received 306 (●) and Donald Trump 232 (●) of the total 538 electoral votes. In Maine (upper-right) and Nebraska (center), the small circled numbers indicate congressional districts. These are the only two states to use a district method for some of their allocated electors, instead of a complete winner-takes-all.

Arguing the Electoral College: Pro

… passed Congress but failed to be ratified by the requisite three-fourths of the states. Why is that? The American … whose members can deliberately and calmly assess the outcome of an election and judge its impact upon the public … not just through television, but in person. To be sure, the states with the largest number of electoral votes …
Man Celebrating Repeal Day with a banner that says "Good Old Days Are Back Again!"

Celebrating Repeal with a Drink, Not a Joint

… and Washington, the news media are now brimming with comparisons of alcohol to marijuana prohibition and “lessons learned” from the historic failure of the temperance … now argue that legalizing and regulating marijuana will ensure that harmful additives and pesticides aren’t present …
"Where do we go from here?," a 1920 cartoon depicting the League of Nations Covenant and the Treaty of Versailles

The Versailles Treaty Fight

… became the standard by which the organization was and is measured. Wilson could not attend the Council meeting, however, … in the form of Uncle Sam withholding the keystone to complete the "League of Nations Bridge." The traditional way … is rooted in this version of history. Worries about the future of the liberal international order under the Trump …
Thomas Jefferson, founder of the University of Virginia, enslaved more than 600 people in his lifetime.

Ivy and Slavery

… it difficult to break free from the constraints of their communities, for many churches, political parties and laws … others to follow in those steps. It should come as no surprise that its students accepted slavery. While Ralph … that people were not created equal, that utilitarian principles taught that some should be slaves. There are some …
The federal government commissioned a series of public murals from the artists it employed: William Gropper's Construction of a Dam (1939) is characteristic of much of the art of the 1930s, with workers seen in heroic poses, laboring in unison to complete a great public project.

Guess What? The New Deal Worked!

… Since the economic crisis we’re now in is being compared to the Great Depression, the solutions being … Most important, with the passage of Social Security in 1935 future generations of American workers could look forward to … top 10 percent, the middle class has survived largely on credit cards and home equity loans. Now millions have no way …
Inside the National Veteran's Museum and Memorial - The NVMM's exhibits chronicle the stages of a veteran's experience.

The National Veterans Museum and Memorial

… creating harmony between the structure's elevation and its surrounding topography. The museum's circular design … experience. Chosen with the help of a veterans advisory committee from a pool of 250 potential candidates, the 25 … To plan a visit, start with the museum’s excellent website . The entrance to the National Veterans Museum and …
William Shakespeare

The Globe Theatre: Shakespeare Lost & Found

… “Alas, poor world, what treasure hast thou lost!” ( Venus & Adonis ) The Globe Theatre … last history play Henry VIII: Or, All is True. A volatile combination of a cheap roof and pyrotechnic effects could … (pictured below) located only 750 feet from the original site. Shakespeare’s Globe opened (or reopened, or even …
The Rodina crew. Left to right: Polina Osipenko, Valentina Grizodubova, and Marina Raskova.

The Rodina Flight

The Remarkable Story of the Women’s Non-Stop Long-Distance Flight Record
… record for women at 26 hours 29 minutes flown and 4,008 miles covered (3,671 miles in a straight line).  Plans for the women’s flight commenced three months earlier in August 1938. Valeriy … had to wait for rescue and hope that their navigator had survived the jump.  Apart from injuries to her legs, Raskova …
Pedro Albizu Campos, noted anti-imperialist, addressing a crowd in 1936

Reframing the American Empire

Review of How to Hide an Empire: A History of the Greater United States, by Daniel Immerwahr (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019)
… little different than colonies save for the possibility of future statehood. This lays the foundation for further … the difference between state and territory may be surprised to learn that in the case of Downes vs. Bidwell in … both in and outside of the United States. To write this comprehensive history, the author travelled to Alaska, …
Group of women marching with signs: "GWU Women's Liberation," "I'm a second-class citizen," "Women demand equality"

A Slut from East Toledo (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 5)

… women's rights activism certainly continued, it did not compare to the widespread organization of the suffrage … in the U.S.. Women and People of Color played vital roles in the war effort. Men of Color, including African … founded the National Organization of Women. NOW applied pressure to the Johnson administration until finally in 1967, …
The Norwegians Land in Iceland 872 by Oscar Wergeland (1877).

Why We Love the Vikings

… worship and ritual truly entailed is lost to us, and the surviving descriptions of such things are questionable.  … ties were also immensely important, for one often needed community support at the assembly to win a legal case. Thus, … know that in the North Atlantic, the production of textiles  gave free women considerable power in their society, …