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An MP looking north from South Korea in the Demilitarized Zone, 2008.

The War That Never Ended: The Legacy of the Korean War

… forces, however, the South Korean military repelled the Communist attack and eventually pushed them north of the … fought with the support and cooperation of outside world superpowers:  China sent 3 million “volunteers” to help the … and other civilians on state-funded trips to this site. Complete with wax figurines of long-nosed, beast-like …
On the first day of the uprising, protesters assembled around the fountain outside the Jeollanam-do Provincial Office, a site that would become central to the struggle against military oppression. Courtesy of the 5.18 Foundation.

Gwangju Isn’t Over

… as a “city of peace and human rights,” emphasizing the community’s legacy of peaceful organization and solidarity, … the event continues to resist any singular description. Its complexity is reflected in the many names used to describe it: “uprising,” “massacre,” and simply …
Soldiers from 3rd Infantry Division provide perimeter security for Iraqi policemen at a traffic control point in Tikrit, Iraq.

The Limits of Shock and Awe

… Smith returned to England, proclaiming his mission accomplished; but the Virginia Indian wars lasted for decades. … destroyed German morale. American and British faith in superior technology had been misplaced. Twenty years later, … that airpower alone could not defeat the North Vietnamese. U.S. air strikes, which showed little regard for …
Mata Hari (1876-1917).

Top Ten Origins: Spies, Lies, and Moles: Oh My!

… spy. Since then, as this list shows, espionage became more complex and increasingly valuable. The times change, but spies remain. Here are ten of history’s top … at the onset of World War II . It quickly became the site for the British Code and Cypher School, headquarters …
Flag of Israel with landscape of Israel in the background

Leaving Zion: Jewish Emigration from Palestine and Israel after World War II

… the Jewish homeland, many Jews instead saw the country as a site of displacement or a way-station to more desirable … Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle   Welcome to Leaving Zion: Jewish Emigration from Palestine and … the Jewish homeland, many Jews instead saw the country as a site of displacement, or a waystation to more desirable …
The Great Wall of China: Perhaps the greatest collection of walls in human history.

Top Ten Origins: History's Great Walls, Good Neighbors or Bad Policy?

… talk by some American politicians about Mexican immigrants coming to the United States, people around the world are … In 1365, these walls were razed and a new wall made of limestone was constructed under the reign of Dmitrii Donskoi … with the New York Stock Exchange, Wall Street is the site of the old wall between the Native Americans and the …
Church and belltower at Usol’e.

A Postcard from the Ural Mountains

… Johann Gmelin (1709-55) was so captivated by the industrial sites of “Catharinenburg” that he visited twice—on his path … to and from Siberia in 1734 and again in September 1742, commenting from Nev’iansk: “I had little interaction with … quite similar to Gmelin’s: our group was pursuing the themes of “industry, mining, transport, and industrial heritage …

Pandemics: Today and Yesterday

… in biomedicine in recent years. Three of our “deadly companions.” Poliovirus ( left ), Influenza ( center ), and … education, and faith. A house in Des Moines, Iowa sharing messages of encouragement to passing cars during the Stay at … a record 12 to 18 months. A drive through COVID-19 testing site in Louisiana, 2020. To date the fastest vaccine …
View of Tbilisi as seen from Narikala, the city's medieval citadel.

A Postcard from Georgia and Azerbaijan

… indicating various locations in Georgia and Azerbaijan visited. Georgia My first stop was Georgia, a small country … from her grasp, so she had to be buried with it. The site where Sidonia is believed to have been buried with the … only after St. Nino spent an entire night praying for it to come back. From its bark, once it was grounded, flowed holy …
The Alcoholics Anonymous logo at a church. (Image by Rachel K)

A Brief History of Alcoholics Anonymous

… Jung.  Jung suggested that alcoholism might only be overcome through a profound spiritual experience. Following … as a “word of mouth program,” with members carrying the message to those seeking recovery.  That early oral … several recent rigorous reviews have found that AA is superior to many other treatments in its ability to increase …

Colombia: Al Borde de la Paz con las FARC?

… . En un evento organizado por el presidente Raúl Castro y supervisado por el Secretario General de las Naciones … Moon, el presidente de Colombia, Juan Manuel Santos, y el comandante supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de … Otros dos miembros de la secretaría murieron más tarde ese mes. Iván Ríos fue asesinado por uno de sus propios hombres …
fire at plant in Bhopal in background people lost in the fire

Remembering Bhopal: The World's Worst Industrial Disaster

… This presentation commemorates the 40th anniversary of the Bhopal Gas Disaster … Nicholas Breyfogle: Hello and welcome to Remembering Bhopal: The World's Worst Industrial …   when the bosses from Union Carbide Corporation U.S.   visited the Bhopal factory, and there was a safety week that …
First edition dust jacket cover of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson's 1973 book Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail '72. The book conveys Thompson's experience covering the 1972 US presidential election, particularly the (ultimately unsuccessful) campaign of Democratic nominee George McGovern.

Democrats Must Beware the Curse of 1972

… the party. In July, when the 186 members of the platform committee meet, they’ll have to write a plank on the war in … a strong antiwar position — “bring ‘em all home now” — is compelling. But it could well be politically fatal. The … back to 1972, when he was still suffering in a North Vietnamese prison. He hopes that image will send a clear message: …
This painting, which dates from 1859, reimagines the toppling of the equestrian statue of George III in New York City. Erected in 1770, the statue featured the regent garbed in Roman military regalia on horseback, in the fashion of Marcus Aurelius. It is doubtful that Native Americans, women and children were in attendance at this episode of iconoclasm by the Sons of Liberty.

Ten Memorable Monument Takedowns in History

… ground. They are fronts on political theaters of war: sites where vying factions negotiate history, a society’s … that of Nero’s by Vitellius. Damnatio memoriae was most common after regime change. Note however, that the names of … government passed a parliamentary resolution against “superstition and idolatry” and much iconoclasm ensued. The …
Print depicting the USS Olympia firing on the Spanish fleet during the Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898.

Top Ten Origins: Puerto Rico and the United States

… 2018, President Donald Trump made a set of disparaging comments about Puerto Rico. They underscored just how little … and the Hill: Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (FALN) Site of the Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (FALN) … Manhattan on October 26, 1974. The next year, the FALN took credit for a series of bombings in New York, Chicago, and …
Cover of The Rise and Fall of Modern American Conservatism: A Short History by David Farber.

The Far Right Stuff

Review of The Rise and Fall of Modern Conservatism, by David Farber (Princeton University Press, 2010)
… a table with friends and fight over.  I mean that as a high compliment, since there are far too many books out there, … to be fair to his subjects and to their politics.  He gives credit where credit is due, and he avoids pulling the … presidential campaign in Neshoba County Mississippi, the site of gruesome civil rights violence, and spoke of states' …
Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800).

Jefferson: Founding Father and Connoisseur

… on July 4, 1826, Jefferson was so deep in debt to foreign creditors that everything he owned — including his slaves — … luxury and self-indulgence with the stern defender of the common man we know from history textbooks. As chief … to rebuild it – continuously. Monticello was a construction site for decades. He installed French three-part stacking …
The other side of The Shore, depicting the Maritime House, third from the left. The former headquarters of the National Seamen’s Union are now flats.

A Postcard from Leith, Scotland

… your right, you will encounter the upscale whiskey house, complete with nineteenth-century stone walls that feature … eyesore. With their place on Scotland’s list of historic sites, they now embody what Edinburgh wishes to remember … of years. The first evidence of maritime industry comes from the 12th century but it gained notoriety throughout …

The Dominican Republic and the United States: A Baseball History

… Over the past century, baseball has become a truly global game. The sport debuted at the Olympics … group of Major Leaguers including Babe Ruth, for example, visited countries like Japan in 1934 not just to spread the … for example, speaks impeccable Dominican Spanish . He credits his time in the minor leagues with Dominican and …
Bronze statue of Sir William Blackstone.

Back to the 17th Century: Money and Political Speech

… make them the political appendages of their landlords and creditors. Sir William Blackstone, who greatly influenced … rather, he wrote, “[t]he electors themselves are becoming the oligarchy.” Mill’s fear, like that of today’s … political theory by basing citizenship on “mental superiority.” He proposed giving plural votes to employers, …

The UN, the WHO, and the Future of U.S. Diplomacy

… policies as altruistic during the ideological competition of the Cold War. But these institutions and … with the Soviet Union, the United States had to prove the superiority of its capitalist, democratic system. It needed … with supranational institutions allowed the country to “get credit for practicing altruism instead of power politics.” …
The Statue of Liberty during the June 10, 2021 solar eclipse.

Solar Eclipses in American History

… have heralded eclipses as portentous, ominous events. Sites aligned to solstices and equinoxes—England’s … total solar eclipse . Dating to 1223 BCE in Syria, it was accompanied by the appearance of  Mars in the sky and … was to come, Tenskwatawa not only predicted but also took credit for this apparent miracle. Whatever the latest …