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Mao proclaiming establishment of PRC.

The Establishment of the People’s Republic of China and Its Impacts

… governmental upheavals after 1911.  Mao Zedong and the Communist Party’s Rise to Victory During the 1920s and … military and economic strength in Taiwan.  In 1949, since most of the new migrants to Taiwan were professional … In 1979, seven years after President Richard Nixon visited China, China officially established diplomatic …
 A depiction of the burning of Louisa Mabree, a French midwife and convicted witch, in a cage filled with black cats

The Rise of Freethinkers

Review of The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment , by Michael Hunter (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2020)
… of magic. Belief in magic and magical occurrences was commonplace before the Reformation and persisted long after … calls into question commonly accepted arguments that most people believed in witchcraft throughout the early … largely overlooked in this volume, produced some of the most notorious freethinkers of the movement, including David …
President James A. Garfield

The Assassination of President Garfield

… As the president made his way to the train, chatting companionably with Secretary of State James G. Blaine, a man … system. Conkling expected Garfield to allow him to fill the most lucrative positions with his followers. When Garfield … the importance of antisepsis had been circulating in the medical world. But, to Garfield’s detriment, many American …
Engraving of Robespierre.

The New Species of Terrorism

… With the horrific assault of Sept. 11, “terrorism” has become the new American watchword and scourge. Yet as George … executed, often for flimsy reasons, some 12,000 people deemed enemies of the Revolution. Since the Jacobins governed … murdered civilians while committing some of the world’s most shocking deeds. The constituent groups of Arafat’s PLO …
Protestors against the U.S. Trump administration voice their commitment to the world's dispossessed.

The Politics of Refugee Aid in America’s “Short Century”

Review of Benevolent Empire: U.S. Power, Humanitarianism, and the World's Dispossessed , by Stephen R. Porter Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017.
… U.S. Power, Humanitarianism, and the World’s Dispossessed comes at a time that many observers of U.S. domestic … suffering from war and occupation in Europe outperformed the federal government’s institutional capacity to … Freedom Fighters in Salzburg, Austria, 1957. Perhaps the most significant contribution of Porter’s work comes from …
Marker: "90 Miles to Cuba. Southernmost Point, Continental USA. Key West, FL"

Rethinking Cuba Libre

… though it's only 90 miles away from the U.S.'s southernmost point. But U.S. - Cuba relations could be in for a … Studies. I've written a little bit on Cuba. My most important work is a history of Cuba called, Cuba: From … Wiggins. You can find our podcasts and more at our website, origins.osu.edu , on iTunes and on SoundCloud, and as …
Image of T2 Atomic Demolition Munition from the 1950s.

The Test-Ban Treaty and the Cold War’s Lessons

… When U.S. senators voted to reject the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, they took a giant step … sharply with this month’s decision. The Cold War’s most stunning arms control gains were made when Ronald … in Europe and set up a verification system providing for on-site inspections. For the first time, diplomacy led not just …
The Trials of Laura Fair by Carole Haber Book Cover.

A Woman Scorned?

Review of The Trials of Laura Fair: Sex, Murder, and Insanity in the Victorian West, by Carole Haber (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2013)
… a narrative worthy of the hype. Even if she had not committed and been tried for murder, Laura Fair would have … Laura Fair’s trials also wrestled with the question of how medical experts and the courts should define insanity in the first place. Was insanity simply the inability to comprehend right and wrong? Or could a person be insane even …
Advertisement of an upcoming land sale by the United States Department of the Interior in 1911. The Interior Department published many similar advertisements to encourage white settlers to purchase "excess" reservation lands.

The Dawes Act

… across the United States owned their reservation lands as a community: families could settle, plant their crops, and own … schools and hospitals.” Dawes’s land allotment plan—his remedy to Native peoples’ allegedly uncivilized lifestyle—was … extended allotment to any previously exempted tribes. The most well-known of these acts was the Curtis Act of 1898, …
Neil Armstrong stands by the Lunar Module "Eagle" during the first walk on the moon in 1969.

Fly Me to the Moon

… Taskforce on February 1, 2016. That achievement has since become a benchmark in American culture. The expression “if we … the moonshot was a product of its time, and perhaps most importantly, a product of the Cold War . Its main … the Moon provides a stepping-stone to Mars—a nearby test site before making the 36 million mile trip to the red …

Hong Kong in Protest

… who they really are as they spend years undercover on opposite sides of the battle between the Hong Kong Police Force … returned home but evaded murder charges because he committed the crime outside of Hong Kong’s jurisdiction. He … a distant British outpost until the Taiping Rebellion, the most destructive civil war in human history, from 1850 to …
Dick Cheney in 2003.

The Vice President: Heir Apparent in American Politics

… "Of Thee I Sing" in 1931, they created a vice president named Alexander Throttlebottom, whose relationship with … thus passed into the language to refer to someone with no competence or apparent purpose. It turns out, however, that … has chosen a Senator more conservative than himself, than most Jewish voters, and than the liberal-labor-minority base …
A photo of the Great Synagogue of Rome.

The Catholic Church and the Holocaust

… “Christianize” the Holocaust in order to play down Catholic complicity in Nazi atrocities. This controversy comes at a … a priority of his papacy. He is the first pope to have visited one of the chief synagogues of Rome. Under his … others did. Stephen A. Allen is a doctoral candidate in the Medieval Institute at the University of Notre Dame and a …
Portrait of Jane Addams

Million Moms March in Noble Company

… children. What is different today is the often fatal outcomes of children's brutality towards one another, owing to … limitations of that perspective, too. Though the march's website invites "mothers, grandmothers, stepmothers, … interestingly enough, was not a mother. One of today's most outspoken critics of violence against children and …
Djiboutian workers fill bags with wheat destined for Ethiopia, provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), at the Port of Djibouti, Africa, Jan. 7, 2013.

The Birth and Death of USAID

… in the beginning of 2025, still working in the name of the commitment that President John F. Kennedy had made in 1961 … place was administered via the efforts of several agencies, most notably the Food for Peace Program and the … warned that the United States needed to demonstrate the opposite, and the existing machinery of aid was not up the …
USS ARIZONA sinking during the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941.

The 1942 Internments and Today’s Security Crisis

… the Pacific coast and the removal from them of anyone deemed a national security threat. While the order legally encompassed Germans and Italians, in practice only the … But six weeks after Pearl Harbor, Walter Lippmann, the most influential American journalist of his age, began …
Emperor Hirohito of Japan in 1971.

Playing Fast and Loose with Historical Analogies

… was the reinterpretation of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Comparing President Kennedy’s action and President Bush’s … outsized importance of the role of the emperor, who transformed himself from a patriotic symbol, often pictured in … the tasks remain formidable — not only a period devoted mostly to helping people survive and to restoring order, but …
A rendering of the Battle of Fort Pillow, also known as the Fort Pillow Massacre, which was fought on April 12, 1864 in Tennessee.  It ended with a massacre by Confederate soldiers of at least one hundred surrendered black troops serving the Union, exemplifying one of the Civil War's transgressions of the norms of warfare.

The American Civil War, Then and Now

Review of The War that Forged a Nation: Why the Civil War Still Matters, by James McPherson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015)
Coming to terms with the American Civil War is no easy task. … about many of the war's other legacies, including a transformed federal government, a shift away from an agricultural … points out that the primary mechanism of liberation for most slaves remained the 13th Amendment. Lincoln no doubt …
Hiroshima after the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city.

Terrorism: A New Kind of War?

… States has decided to treat it as war. What shocks us most about terrorism is that it targets civilians. That … the recent attacks on New York City and Washington were committed by a transnational organization. But it is hard to … the case of the United States, terrorists bypass the U.S. armed forces, the strongest in the world, and take advantage …
The Education of Little Tree by Forest Carter book cover.

Fake Autobiographies: A Great American Tradition

… authors' ability to exploit readers' preconceptions. The most recent impersonator autobiographies take advantage of … as fakes should make readers ask why these cliches are so compelling in the first place. Autobiographies, with their … individual took the raw material of his or her life and formed it into something shapely, unique, successful. Tycoons' …
Egyptian Leader Gamal Abdel-Nasser

Egypt Once Again Bans the Muslim Brotherhood, Sixty Years Later

… after one of its members had been elected president, Mohamed Morsi. Morsi was overthrown in July of last year by the … to occupy the Suez Canal zone. Nasser, who did not become Egypt’s official head of state until 1956, came to … Officers.” The Free Officers staked their credibility almost entirely on their ability to assert Egypt’s national …
Sexing History Logo

Best in History Online: Sexing History Podcast

… we like to take a moment to highlight fantastic history sites from around the web. These are websites that – much like Origins – seek to bring history into … uses interviews, oral histories, archival sound clips, and commentary and analysis by scholars in the field of …