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a corpse rising from the grave

Revenants, Vampires, and Ghosts, Oh My! European Folklore and the Supernatural

… sometimes glitteringly attractive, creatures come from? While not an exact replica, the myths and legends … lives to histories of leaders. While revenants took many forms, common features included: The revenant, in life, had … of a draugr and terrorizes his family, eventually driving away the inhabitants of the Icelandic countryside and …
The Brazilian flag and a soccer ball

Brazil’s Soccer Mania: An Example for the World

… ahead of any other national team. In view of the tremendous competition associated with the world’s favorite sport, … an important social function in Brazil. The game brings together spectators from many different economic and social … and other countries if it draws the people’s attention away from important issues related to economic growth and …
Cover of With Our Backs to the Wall Victory and Defeat in 1918 by David Stevenson.

The End of the War as They Knew It

Review of With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, by David Stevenson (Cambridge, M.A.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011)
… States, Austria, Canada, the Netherlands, and Italy, together with voluminous published material including … of 1918, then nuanced chapters examining the major combatants in technology, logistics, and intelligence, … leadership. Ending the war in 1918 served Wilson in two ways: financially it freed him from the risk of incurring …
Seal of the University of California.

How Does a Nation Protect Itself in Wartime?

… to act decisively, during World War I President Wilson took command of telegraph and telephone systems, issued executive … clergy members were jailed. African Americans were targeted unfairly. This domestic counter-espionage program was … against them. Bush’s speech to Congress and the nation, his visit to a Washington mosque and his meetings with Muslim …
Margaret Gorman, winner of the first Miss America Pageant in 1922.

Beauty Pageants and American Politics

… the race, beauty pageants and politics have been linked together by the strange history of the Miss America Pageant. As early as the 1880s, business owners and community leaders began organizing beauty pageants in … she also runs against 100 years of thinking that the best way to evaluate women is when they are wearing their bathing …
Plumes of smoke billow from the World Trade Center towers in Lower Manhattan, New York City, after a Boeing 767 hits each tower during the September 11 attacks.

Security May Be Too Expensive

… John Ashcroft asks for authority to hold non-citizens incommunicado indefinitely if the government regards them as a … to justify repression only to find later that the targeted population was little or no threat. When John Adams … are the best of motives — the preservation of “the American way of life” and the security of the nation. And many, …

The Alpha and Omega of the Greek Debt Crisis

… an eternity under the blazing sun, I was just two people away from the machine when I heard some Greek expletives and saw a commotion in front of me. The ATM ran out of money. I spent … of Greece in 2015 with a “vote no” poster in the background for the referendum to decide if Greece would accept the …
Alert soldiers on the Brandenburg Gate, during the Spartacist Uprising

Victorious Weimar: Reframing the German Revolution

Review of November 1918: The German Revolution, by Robert Gerwarth (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020)
… the debate over what historians have called the failed, incomplete, and even the forgotten revolution has been revived in recent years. … transform Germany into a modern, democratic state. In this way, Gerwarth’s book is a wonderful addition to the history … 1918: The German Revolution , by Robert Gerwarth (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020) …
French soldiers overrun Chinese troops during the 1860 campaign in the Second Opium War.

The Second Opium War

… Opium War (officially 1856-1860), a conflict that not only forced that narcotic drug deep into China ’s politics, … of Qing laws prohibiting the drug. After one Chinese trade commissioner captured and publicly destroyed British opium … China,” which erases the reality of Western hostility altogether. One consequence of the tendency to minimize the …
Escobar: Paradise Lost, directed by Andrea Di Stefano

2/6/2015: At the Movies: Escobar

… soldiers. Entrance to Hacienda Napoles, the main Escobar compound, with a gate adorned with Escobar's first smuggling … by artist Fernando Botero Escobar and his family always presented theirs as a Robin Hood operation that gave … into the cold, ruthless drug lord and they are brought together in a climactic moment. Nick, unable to kill his …
Advertisement of an upcoming land sale by the United States Department of the Interior in 1911. The Interior Department published many similar advertisements to encourage white settlers to purchase "excess" reservation lands.

The Dawes Act

… across the United States owned their reservation lands as a community: families could settle, plant their crops, and own … built, but the land itself belonged to the entire nation for future generations’ use. The 1887 passage of the General … cultures, communities, and political sovereignty. In many ways, these efforts were successful. Boarding schools and …
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. at the Civil Rights March on Washington in 1963.

Spring Marches on Washington

For good or ill, future generations will look to this … reputation by ordering his men to attack their former comrades in arms with tear gas and riot weapons and burn … marches on Washington seemed to change in several ways. The Million Man March of October 1995 and the Promise …
Cover of The End of the West: The Once and Future Europe by David Marquand

The End of the World as We Know It?

Review of The End of the West: The Once and Future Europe, by David Marquand (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011)
… declension narrative in which the West is swept away by India and China. Rather Europeans according to … - the deliberate construction of a supranational European Community, based on law rather than force, in which ancient enemies could live together in peace." What began as a supranational entity that …
The Ganden Monastery in Lhasa was one of the many victims of bombing during the 1956 uprising. The destruction caused to the monastery is still visible in the ruins.

The Seventeen Point Agreement: China’s Occupation of Tibet

… Government and the Local Government of Tibet on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet" was signed. This … signed between the PRC and a minority people and is part of communist China’s larger nation-building process in its … Tibetans have self-immolated since 2009, with the latest act by Yonten, a 24-year-old former monk from Kirti …
Demolition of Alexander III Monument, Moscow 1918

Russia’s February Revolution and the Precarious Politics of Nostalgia

… To delay is impossible.” The tsar did not reply, instead complaining that “Again that fat-belly Rodzianko has written … entry into the First World War in 1914 . As those who have visited Russia know well, the First World War can seem … process at work in 1917: the imperial collapse well underway before Lenin and company seized power in October. Far …
School Lunch Politics: The Surprising History of America's Favorite Welfare Program, by Susan Levine Book Cover

Playing Politics with Our Children's Health

Review of School Lunch Politics: The Surprising History of America's Favorite Welfare Program, by Susan Levine (Princeton University Press, 2008)
… skyrocketing price of food" and its effect on Americans' budgets. According to the report, the pain of rising food costs … early twentieth century to the present, highlighting the complex interaction of politics, economics, nutrition, and … operate their cafeterias more efficiently. They also found ways to meet federal nutrition standards with lower quality …
Zimbabwe Flag against a blue sky

Colonial Land Injustices in Post-Independence Zimbabwe

… Zimbabwe , formerly Southern Rhodesia, gained independence from British colonialism on April 18, 1980. The nation commemorates this political milestone annually, with the … ambitions when he planned to establish a Cape to Cairo railway & telegraph line that connected British territories from …
marriage of Marguerite of Anjou and Henry VI in 1445

Power Behind the Throne: The Women of the War of the Roses

Review of Blood Sisters: The Women Behind the Wars of the Roses, by Sarah Gristwood (New York: Basic Books, 2013)
… century between factions of the Plantagenet family for control of the English throne. While traditional … behind-the-scenes may have been as important to the outcome of events as the men’s on the battlefield. In Blood … of the women make them come alive for the reader in a way that not all histories manage. Since Blood Sisters is …
An image of the castle in the Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Orlando.

Banning Harry Potter

… fantastical creatures in his quests to vanquish evil forces. But some parents think Harry is the evil being who … too crude for refined readers. Twenty years later, critics complained that the characters were poor role models. By the … to literature they deem inappropriate.   They label targeted books dangerous because they claim the stories provide …
man with a gun in a holster

Top Ten Origins: Gun Regulation

… the British military. Yet, they also inherited the English common law tradition of regulating arms. English statutes … gun use and the Bill of Rights specified that arms were for defense “as allowed by law.” Colonial leaders carefully … a person to demonstrate reasonable fear before they could get a permit to carry a weapon in public. Several states …
Cover of the Measure of Earth The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World by Larrie D. Ferreiro

Figuring Out the Shape of the World

Review of Measure of the Earth: The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World, by Larrie D. Ferreiro (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
… one requiring an almost obsessive attention to detail, a commitment to exacting measurements, and above all a patient … it does not strike one as the most suitable subject for an exciting story. However, Larrie D. Ferreiro's Measure … the scientific debate fades from the narrative in the same way it did in reality as Measure of the Earth documents the …