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Ivan Aivazovsky, a Native of Feodosia, Crimea, is known as one of Russia's greatest painters, and one of the world's best at seascapes. The Battle of Sinop (Russian and Turkish Navies), 1853

Top Ten Origins: Stories from Crimea

… in 1347 when, Mongols hurled corpses infected with the plague over city walls—one of the first recorded cases of … Sea to the Mediterranean. Military debacles and disease plagued both Russia and the invading allies. Often evoked in …
Mutineers in Petrograd during March 1917, shooting upon the Tsar’s police forces.

Russia’s Trial by Fire

Review of Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War 1914-1921, by Laura Engelstein Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017
… in the subsequent Civil War. These factors coalesced in meaningful ways to expose the fault lines within the Empire. …

The Summer of ’10: Federal Power, Local Autonomy, and the Struggle over Immigration Policy

… responses to Acadian refugees in the late 1750s. 2. The Meaning of Naturalization . "Citizenship" was an unsettled … The legislative history of the provision confirms its plain meaning. When first drafted, the provision allowed officers … thus each provision must be read to have new and definite meaning. In 1996, Congress enacted amendments authorizing …
Meiji Constitution promulgation by Toyohara Chikanobu, 1889.

Japan’s Meiji Restoration

… “Meiji as success story” narrative. What, then, is the meaning of the Meiji Restoration for historians and scholars …