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Stamp commemorating revolution in Iraq

Iraq's 1920 Revolution

… for the revolt had been laid by liberal and radical nationalists based in the cities. Together they forged a … later showed no sign of tolerating Iraqi self-government. Nationalist leaders watched with increasing alarm as British … Baghdad and the southern port city of Basra convinced nationalists in the capital that the moment was ripe for …
Group of women protesting against the ERA with signs: "Stop the web of deception," "ERA means Amy register for the draft at 18," "Maternity ward - persons only"

Mom and Apple Pie (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 6)

… socialism and communism that they watched develop in the Soviet Union. This was the era of McCarthyism, after all, in the … very active in Republican policy, but mostly in terms of national defense. She felt that the United States wasn't …
Exiles carry a poster against the communist government of Cuba, in a demonstration in Miami

Cuba in Focus–Again

… who, in the peak Cold War years, had allied Cuba with the Soviet Union. But the exiles' relationship with Washington began … Castro. The powerful and conservative Cuban-American National Foundation, the political heavyweight of the many …
Illustration of Packing Room in Opium Factory at Patna, India

The World of Opium: From “Free” to Illicit Trade

Review of Opium’s Long Shadow: From Asian Revolt to Global Drug Control , by Steffen Rimner (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… Control , Steffen Rimner examines how this revision of international thinking came to be. The shift, as Rimner charts … and non-governmental organizations. They created an international movement against the opium trade. By broadening the … actors as diverse as the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and the Sharada Saran (a school for girls in Bombay …
Marchers for the Equal Rights Amount, holding banner that reads "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex"

The Equal Rights Amendment: Then and Now

… on the basis of sex. Now, in an atmosphere of renewed national attention on issues affecting women, this proposed … the years, thinking about work changed in the 1960s, when union and wage-earning women came on board, and they reached … groups, supported it: religious institutions, labor unions, black civil rights organizations. It was truly a …
A barricade in central Berlin during the March 1848 uprising.

March 1848: The German Revolutions

… representatives began in Frankfurt on March 31, and the new National Assembly met for the first time in St. Paul’s … would set the Confederation on a path toward a more unified national future, perhaps with the King of Prussia as the head of state. In the end, though, the National Assembly did not achieve those long-term goals and …
A woman voting in the early 20th century.

Could We Postpone the Election — Even If We Wanted To?

… is that? Because states will resist. Setting the date of national elections is one of the few powers that the … over election rules allows state politicians to influence national politics indirectly. Examples from both the recent … election guidelines. The threat of terrorists disrupting a national election might overwhelm this constitutional custom …

A New Congo Crisis?

… They gave new insight into the convergence of an international network of business interests and the political … the system of colonial companies. The best known was the Union Minière du Haut Katanga (UMHK, Mining Union of Upper Katanga), which controlled copper mines in …
The so-called "Elgin Marbles," on display in the British Museum

Classics and the Alt-Right Conundrum

… and promoted in recent propaganda. Why and how do nationalists in Europe and the U.S. draw contemporary … existing culture for the worse is a common view among white nationalists in the US, and existential fears of losing what … and promoted and recent propaganda. Why and how do nationalists in Europe and the US draw connections to …
BJP rally in India

The Politics of India

… second time at the end of September 2015. Does Modi’s Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, or “BJP,” also spell a … Cold War, that gave anxiety to the US at times and to the Soviet Union at times. So that's the history that we're that were …

A Century of HIV

… in the Cold War struggles between the United States and the Soviet Union. The Congo provides the most striking example of this … had the disease. Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi at the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights in …
Soldiers marching at the Champs Elysee

Recovering the History of the French Far-Right

Review of Assassination in Vichy: Marx Dormoy and the Struggle for the Soul of France , by Gayle K. Brunelle and Annette Finley-Croswhite (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2020)
… leadership in France, dedicated to a conservative “National Revolution”—were to blame for the attack was hardly … Georges Kubler of France’s investigative body, the Sûreté Nationale, were determined to find out. And so begins … 1940. Less than a month later, on July 10, 1940, the French National Assembly would vote to end the Third Republic and …
Here, a bus broadcasts the anti-apartheid message to Londoners in 1989.

Inequality After Apartheid

Review of Apartheid Guns and Money: A Tale of Profit, by Hennie van Vuuren (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019)
… with foreign countries, notably the “big five”: France, the Soviet Union, the United States, and United Kingdom, and China. … leads off Chapter 1, “Before we delve into the murky international dimensions of this machinery, we need to understand …
Comic from the Brooklyn Daily Eagle Sun.

“A New and Deadly Menace” (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 2)

… and turn-of-the-century California. Ultimately, a international perspective helps us to understand why the world … is the real spurred to both an effort to create an international drug control regime, but also some of the kind of … that's where you start to get the development of this international movement. It's both a formal and an informal …
Women working at a farm at Lamas district in Peru, 2014. (Photo by CIF Action)

Reforming Peruvian Agriculture, Again

… in agriculture included several well-funded international programs to share technology with small farmers and … consortium known as PERU-Hub. Participants included Peru’s National Agrarian University-La Molina, the University of … Oklahoma (OU), Utah State University, Purdue, and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) in …

From Harlem to Ferguson: LBJ's War on Crime and America's Prison Crisis

… touches on his acceptance speech to the Republican National Convention. The night before, at the Cow Palace, he … the streets of his community,” he said in his State of the Union Message. Pledging federal assistance to local police … exploit prison labor eroded wage levels and weakened trade unions in certain industries. Widespread felon …
Emancipation Memorial Statue

Emancipation by What Means?

Review of The Zealot and the Emancipator: John Brown, Abraham Lincoln, and the Struggle for American Freedom, by H.W. Brands (New York: Doubleday, 2020)
… Stephen Douglas, both from Illinois. Douglas was already a nationally-prominent Democrat who tried to tread a fine line … the Civil War as a chance to obtain freedom by fleeing to Union lines. “Emancipation Memorial” (1876) by Thomas Ball, … shown as remaining subservient and lacking personal agency. Union generals such as Benjamin Butler and John C. Fremont …
The 1999 impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton, Chief Justice William Rehnquist presiding

How Presidential Power Became Untouchable

… a sense of presidential invulnerability in the conduct of national security policy. That legacy deeply compromises our … authority if it is justified by even shaky claims of national security necessity. McCain is already asserting … interpretation of presidential authority in matters of national security began to be quietly constructed, though …
Launching of the USS RALPH JOHNSON in Mississippi.

A New Cold War in the Caribbean?

… Marine forces poised to launch strikes from the sea against Soviet and Cuban forces at the height of the Cuban Missile … for the United States. In 1962, America and the Soviet Union came as close as they ever would to nuclear war. The … McCain on the right in an effort to appear strong on national defense, Obama should make the case that McCain has …

Erdoğan’s Presidential Dreams, Turkey’s Constitutional Politics

… seen Erdoğan as a useful foil to Turkey’s “deep state”—a union of authoritarian generals, judges, and government … With Istanbul under Allied occupation in 1921, an ad hoc national assembly in Ankara—the inland city which became … stimulus for these amendments came in the form of European Union accession negotiations, which began to heat up in the …
The headquarters of the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage in 1911.

The Nineteenth Amendment

… not include women’s suffrage, and in 1869 they formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) to advocate for a … remained separate until 1890, when they merged to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). … local elections beginning in 1869, and Wyoming entered the union in 1890 as the first state with female suffrage. …
Signing of the Treaty of Ghent, 1814

The War We Refuse to Remember

… from 1776. Nothing could be further from the truth. National identity is often constructed through the selective … of Ghent, and the War of 1812 which it ended, American national identity was created through forgetting the whole …
Destruction in San Francisco after the 1906 earthquake.

Another Pearl Harbor? Not by a Longshot

… assurance that the nation has endured similar episodes of national trauma and managed to persevere. Unfortunately, in … on December 7, 1941. The high casualties (2,400 killed) and national outrage produced by a surprise attack on U.S. soil … a new, frightening and unfamiliar reality of high-tech international terrorism and our vulnerability to it. History can …
Bird's-eye-view of the 1993 border blockade enacted by CBP Border Patrol agents in El Paso, Texas as part of Operation Hold the Line.

Fortifying the U.S.-Mexico Boundary: The 1993 “Hold the Line” Experiment

… In his  2024 State of the Union Address , President Joe Biden championed  a bipartisan … Shelby Park in Eagle Pass, Texas, deploying the Texas National Guard to apprehend migrants while restricting the … “illegals” to describe immigrants during the State of the Union Address, they should avoid depicting the region solely …