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 Reagan in 1982.

Measuring Reagan for Greatness

… immortality. A better approach than polling is to compare Reagan with past presidents who are now regarded as … Reagan left office. Great presidents are also effective communicators. Lincoln was the finest speechmaker in … support for New Deal legislation. Reagan, dubbed the “Great Communicator,” was an enormously successful speaker. A …
Depiction of the eleven-month-long siege of the Russian naval base at Sevastopol, Crimea, during the Crimean War

Crimea: A General Introduction

Review of Crimea: A History, by Neil Kent London: Hurst & Company, 2016.
… the Greeks, the Romans, and the Goths, among others. This comprises the first chapter of Kent’s history. The next … Crimea is, at its core, a part of Europe, with much more in common with the West than the East. He writes that “its … factual inaccuracies. For example, Kent refers to the “last official census before the current political upheavals,” …
U.S. soldiers in Iraq in 2007.

Nation-Building Demands Heavy Lifting

… years after World War II, not a single U.S. soldier died in combat either in Germany or in Japan — in sharp contrast to the nearly 600 U.S. combat deaths in Iraq since the end of “major combat … this conflict. In making the case for war, administration officials have exaggerated intelligence findings, insulted …
Demonstrators protest the judicial proceedings against suspected White Power activists following the Greensboro massacre of 1979.

"Lone Wolves" No More

Review of Bring the War Home: The White Power Movement and Paramilitary America, by Kathleen Belew (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… A soldier named Tim McVeigh . . . ―Charlie King, The War is Coming Home , 1996 On April 19, 1995, a date fraught with … former soldier Timothy McVeigh—along with several accomplices—detonated a three-and-a-half ton fertilizer bomb … a new level of White Power animosity toward government officials, even as they resulted in acquittals. By 1983, the …

The Roots of Venezuela's Failing State

… in 2016. Diphtheria, once thought eradicated, has made a comeback . By some estimates, 2.5 million people have left … from a hybrid regime—a type of political system that combines democratic traits with autocratic ones— into pure … the failed 2002 coup, and he named close senior military officials to government positions. Other officers have been …

Erdoğan’s Presidential Dreams, Turkey’s Constitutional Politics

… of the Turkish Republic since its founding in 1923: the uncompromising secularism of the first Turkish president, … Mustafa Kemal Atatürk . Although Erdoğan insists that he is committed to secularism, he has won the hearts of millions … a willingness to move against opposition journalists and officials in the name of the popular will. Clearly, the …

Apres Poutine ? Les Elections Presidentielles Russes

… Russie Unie, soutenu par Vladimir Poutine. Le Parti communiste arrive en second avec seulement 11 % des voix, … historique et social, elles s'inscrivent, afin de mieux comprendre leur portée. Il me semble en effet que … le Kremlin dès 1994-1995, a connu une première tentative d'officialisation en 1996 (Boris Eltsine avait alors proposé …
Indian bicycle troops are pictured at the Somme in 1916

The Amritsar Massacre

… civilians in Punjab were shot by British soldiers under the command of the now infamous “Butcher of Amritsar.” British … Nehru and his son Jawaharlal, and a man who would soon become very well known—Mohandas K. Gandhi. In 1919, Gandhi was … unknown. Early estimates ranged from 291 dead (British officials) to 1000 (Congress report). After the massacre, …
Various sedimentary rock strata are visible in many areas of Badlands National Park.

Ten Moments of Insight in America’s National Parks

… of natural areas as well as historic and other cultural sites, are often touted, justifiably, as world-class travel … the intellect with emotion and place. You can follow our common fight for independence and creating and keeping a … into the control capsule for a 24-hour shift. Off came the official jumpsuits and on went sweats, shorts, even …
Tilden illustration - a hand on another hand that is on a gun on a table with papers

Top Ten Origins: Other “Unprecedented” Elections in American History

… in the moment. Some, however, really do represent something completely new in American political history, and not always … set subsequent political norms, permanently altered the composition of national political coalitions, or revealed … headline in its early edition. 10. 2000 A Florida election official reviews a paper ballot during the 2000 recount. The …
 Mapping the Nation: History and Cartography in Nineteenth-Century America, by Susan Schulten Book cover.

From Sea to Shining Sea

Review of Mapping the Nation: History and Cartography in Nineteenth-Century America, by Susan Schulten (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012)
… Spend a few minutes browsing news websites or blogs and you will see a barrage of infographics … Johann Georg Kohl, cartographer and geographer, to come to the United States where he worked for the Coast … which privileges the roles of intellectuals and government officials, suits her objective of writing intellectual …
Reagan in 1982.

Exit Gen. Grant – Enter St. Ronald?

… who watched the Kremlin used to study photographs of official Soviet events to see which Communist Party members were visible and which had been …

We Won’t Shut up and Dribble: A Short History of Black Athletic Protest

… hunted EVERYDAY/EVERYTIME we step foot outside the comfort of our homes! Can't even go for a damn jog man! Like … Floyd's murder also spurred athletes from social media commentary into action. Jaylen Brown of the Boston Celtics … for both integrated and segregated teams, in Sol White's Official Baseball Guide (1907). When the National Football …
the monument of the Soviet army in Sofia, completed in 1954

11/4/2014: Empty Fountains: Communist-Era Monuments Revisited

… What is the afterlife of an old communist statue? Just what to do with all the Soviet-era … it for granted that a Stalinist monument did not belong opposite from the National Gallery, once a royal palace ( as … Soviet army .” Because the site served as a focal point of official celebrations of Bulgarian-Soviet comradeship until …
Illustration of Packing Room in Opium Factory at Patna, India

The World of Opium: From “Free” to Illicit Trade

Review of Opium’s Long Shadow: From Asian Revolt to Global Drug Control , by Steffen Rimner (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… of Chinese defeat in the face of British imperial power and commercial interests. China wanted to stem the flow of opium … to prioritize anti-drug trafficking laws as an important component of their activities. In his aptly named Opium’s … opium from China. Instead, they sought advice from Qing officials on what would be the most useful way to approach …
Vicente Fox Quesada

Will Fox be a Mexican Jefferson?

… as the sole arbiter of labor and political issues. The concomitant opening of the markets hurt several domestic giants in the oil and telecommunication sections. The increased mobility of skilled … its first peaceful turnover of power from elected officials of one party to their opponents. Thomas Jefferson …

Pirates of Puntland, Somalia

… to sustain themselves in deep sea until the vessel actually comes by." Under the pirates' command, the Sirius Star sailed to a mooring off the coast … Geographic Society trip to the port of Berbera, the British officials in Aden worried. Attacks on ships in the Gulf of …
Centennial Seal of the Land Grant Colleges

The 1862 Morrill Act Honored the Liberal Arts As Well As Technical Education

… The first ad had “1862” emblazoned across the top, accompanied by a photograph of President Abraham Lincoln.   … (1890), and Southern (Louisiana) University (1881).   It is commonly assumed that those 30,000 acres of federal land … of the liberal arts.   Today the growing number of public officials who demand primarily “job-creating” courses for …
The Romanov Family

The Romanov Tercentenary: Commemoration, History, and Power

… the Russias.” Services in Moscow capped a series of events commemorating the Romanovs’ tercentenary, in what proved to … delegates to travel with the royal delegation and local officials’ requests to meet with the tsar were often … instead a major hub of textile manufacture and had been the site of major labor unrest in 1905; factory workers were …

The Ethiopian Civil War in Tigray

… peace. At his inaugural ceremony in 2018, he counseled a complete break with the past forms of governance that were … and invited banned opposition groups to return. The Nobel committee was most impressed that he made peace with … because of the coronavirus pandemic . According to Western officials, Abiy launched an attack against Tigray as a …
Cover of War is All Hell: The Nature of Evil and the Civil War by Edward J. Blum and John Matsui.

Forces of Good and Evil

Review of War is All Hell: The Nature of Evil and the Civil War by Edward J. Blum and John Matsui (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021)
… chapter deals with the wartime experiences of individual combatants. When confronted with the visceral nature of … third chapter examines Emancipation to see how Americans comprehended slavery’s end . Blum and Matsui find that … pamphlets, letters, and speeches. Blum and Matsui also use official documents and histories and examine the period’s …
Fourth of July celebration in Philadelphia, 1819.

The United States: Democracy or Republic?

… in the 18th century included the selflessness to put the common good above special interests. Only a few (men) could … democracy and republicanism have coexisted, sometimes complementarily, other times confrontationally.  Part of the … made them the least democratically accountable elected officials.  Starting in the early 1800s, some congressmen …
Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam, by Lien-Hang T. Nguyen Book Cover.

Hanoi Central

Review of Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam, by Lien-Hang T. Nguyen Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012
… Le Duan and Le Duc Tho, the police state they and their comrades built in the North to solidify their power and … to Revolutionary War," follows the early careers of the "Comrades Le" and their effort to build a police state in … of Foreign Affairs, and others. Nguyen interviewed numerous officials from both North and South Vietnam. She also relies …
Mr. Professor by Joan Carlsson, Flickr, CC BY-NC 2.0

Needed: A New Deal for Academics

… on faculty hires. Suddenly, new Ph.D.s found themselves competing with a hundred or even a thousand other candidates … despondent souls at any academic conference, squirming uncomfortably in their suits and waiting — always waiting for … should support actors and artists in the 1930s, New Deal official Harry Hopkins simply responded, “Hell, they’ve got …