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soldiers in Vietnam

Memories of Vietnam in Memoriam

Review of Nothing Ever Dies: Vietnam and the Memory of War, by Viet Thanh Nguyen Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016.
… they tell about themselves?  In Nothing Ever Dies: Vietnam and the Memory of War Viet Thanh Nguyen, a professor of American Studies at USC and a Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist, reflects deeply on … outline with his own travels and photographs across Southeast Asia.  Nothing Ever Dies is most certainly a …
The Terra Cotta Warriors: Xi’an’s most famous attraction

A Postcard from Xi’an: Balancing Past and Future

… history in Xi’an is essential to the city’s identity, and served as the basis of my journey through the city and its outlying regions. The Terra Cotta Warriors: Xi’an’s … that traded at the Western Market, from Korea and Japan to Southeast Asia , from India and Persia to the Arabian …
Exterior view of the Union Carbide pesticide factory in Bhopal, India,

The Bhopal Chemical Gas Disaster

… profit - we are flames, committed to conquering darkness, and we will continue the struggle” - Farhat Jahan, Bati Bai Rajak, and Rachna Dhingra, women from Bhopal during the 2024 U.S … from  East Palestine  to  Cancer Alley , from Mossville to  Southwest Detroit , from Wilmington to Charlottesville, and  …

The United States, China, and the Money Question

… turned reality television star, turned Republican nominee and now, President-elect of the United States. Chinese … is “robbing Americans of billions of dollars of capital and millions of jobs.” President Barak Obama and President … of choice. The Trade Dollar did find a few footholds in the south of China, where silver coins were commonly used, but …

The Roots of Venezuela's Failing State

… In the 1970s, Venezuela had the highest growth rate and lowest inequality in Latin America. Thanks to an oil … signing an agreement in 2007 to establish the Bank of the South, a monetary fund and lending organization to support left-leaning South American nations with infrastructure and social …
A COVID-19 antigen testing center in Warora, Maharashtra, India.

The Deep Roots of India’s COVID-19 Crisis

… India is now suffering a massive second wave of COVID-19 and the crisis is spilling into neighboring countries. As Indian case counts exceed 400,000 daily and the healthcare system reaches its breaking point, … of their former colonies in Asia, Latin America, and Africa must be the basis for any global health policy. In …
June 4th, 2014, at Hong Kong’s Victoria Park (Photo by the author)

Remembering Tiananmen: The View from Hong Kong

… In between memory and forgetting, there is commemoration . On June 4, 1989 a … like this: In the wake of Mao Zedong’s death (1976) and the end of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), … put under surveillance and forbidden to travel. Hong Kong’s South China Morning Post reported that only a few family …
Film poster for Pather Panchali (1955).

Top Ten Origins: From Bollywood to Indywood

… common as daylight. India recognizes 22 official languages and its 1962 census recorded residents speaking over 1600 … made in vernacular Indian languages, including English and Hindi. They will make you angry and happy, laugh and … that the information-technology boom has created in the southern city of Chennai , and the way it has affected the …

China Dreams and the “Road to Revival”

… citizens is bound to China’s development as a nation, and that personal dreams will be realized only through the … speech, Xi said: “China Dream means the dream of a people, and it is also the dreams of each Chinese person.” Although … China’s recent provocations over the Diaoyu Islands and the South China Sea with its Asian neighbors. It also reflects a …

As Cuba and the United States Reengage: The Presence of the Past

… At noon on December 17, 2014, Presidents Barack Obama and Raúl Castro announced to their respective nations that the United States and Cuba had agreed to resume full diplomatic relations. The … Latin America and participated in liberation movements in Africa. This Cuban propaganda sign features the profile of …
Hollywood Movie store in Hong Kong, 2010.

Film, Television, and China’s (New) Cold War

… the term “New Cold War” has mushroomed among analysts and commentators seeking to define contemporary geopolitics. … War (1947-1991),  the Soviet Union was the most visible and feared socialist state. Indeed, the ideological conflict … surrounded China with military bases throughout  East and Southeast Asia .  Mao’s power had been diminished after his …

Right-Wing Politics in India

… In April and May 2019, the world’s largest democracy held elections. … as a contest between the Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress, though India is a … democracy. The BJP won an overwhelming majority and returned to power in Parliament. The results of the …
Fidel Castro during a visit to Washington.

Why Economic Sanctions Often Fail

… out for concrete agreements between his administration and European leaders. What's more, the history of economic … have done nothing to soften Cuba's anti-American stance, and they have failed since their inception to attract the … Kennedy further tightened sanctions by restricting travel and trade to the island, but these restrictions did little …
Cerro Rico of Potosí, c.1603. Courtesy Hispanic Society of America

“Mountains of Water:” The Great 1626 Potosí Flood

… A violent flood ensued, ripping through the city center and destroying dozens of refining mills and carrying away numerous houses. Hundreds of unsuspecting … lunch or napping, were crushed by collapsing earthen walls and rolling detritus. Others drowned. Looking back 400 years …
Poinsette

The Story of Poinsettia Day and U.S.-Mexico Relations

In the late 1820s, Joel Roberts Poinsett introduced the poinsettia plant to Americans, who marveled at its foliage.
… Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Video production by Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Learn More: Flowers, Guns, and Money: Joel Roberts Poinsett and the Paradoxes of American Patriotism (University of … South & Central America … The Story of Poinsettia Day and U.S.-Mexico Relations …
Jimmy Carter, Richard Nixon and Deng Xiaoping during the state dinner for the Vice Premier of China

The Nixon-Deng Comparison

… Whenever a famous politician dies, obituary writers and other commentators immediately start comparing the … Nixon. This is unfortunate, since there are some striking and illuminating analogies to be drawn between the two, and not just because Nixon was the first American president …
people holding signs protesting China's occupation of Tibet

The Seventeen Point Agreement: China’s Occupation of Tibet

On May 23rd 1951, the Seventeen Point Agreement of the Central People’s Government and the Local Government of Tibet on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet was signed.
… Point Agreement of the Central People’s Government and the Local Government of Tibet on Measures for the … claims of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) over Tibet and retroactively justified the previous year’s military … Video production by Katherine Weiss, Laura Seeger, and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle.   …
The Dalai Lama speaking in front of Tibet's flag.

A New Chance for Peace in Tibet

… most vexing problems: the status of Tibet.  Next to Taiwan and Hong Kong, Tibet remains China’s greatest challenge, domestically and internationally. Instead of the peace, stability and economic development to which both Chinese and Tibetans … East Asia & Southeast Asia …
Ferdinand Magellan with an antique map behind him

Magellan and Elcano: The First Circumnavigation of the Earth

On September 20, 1519, five ships carrying about 270 men sailed westward from the Spanish port of  Sanlúcar de Barrameda.
… Sanlúcar de Barrameda. Their goal was to reach the Spice Islands of Maluku and open a new trading route for Spain.   Written by Dani … East Asia & Southeast Asia … Magellan and Elcano: The First Circumnavigation of the Earth …
Liu Bang, or Emperor Gaozu of Han

Liu Bang, from Peasant Rebel to Emperor

… “The two most far-sighted and influential political figures in the history of … Arnold Toynbee, “are Caesar, who founded the Roman Empire, and Liu Bang, who founded the Han Empire.” Historians today … lead of Toynbee’s contemporary, the French historian Fernand Braudel, who likened events and individuals to mere …
Idi Amin addresses troops during a visit to border regions

Idi Amin's Uganda

When Idi Amin, commander of the Ugandan Army, seized power in Uganda on 25 January 1971, there was hope among many Ugandans that a new beginning beckoned.
… Amin’s coup d’état was in some respects the culmination of Uganda’s tumultuous decolonization. Nationalist politics in … had been ferociously contested along religious, ethnic, and regional lines, and fractures remained – indeed deepened – during the 1960s. … When Idi Amin, commander of the Ugandan Army, seized power in Uganda on 25 …
Chinese tanks in Beijing in 1989

Honoring China’s June 4th Martyrs

… What can and should members of the international community do to … however, two other things, less often mentioned, that can and should be done to show respect for the martyrs. First, … work to dispel mistaken ideas about who the martyrs were and why they were killed. This involves condemning the …
Hospital workers

Corona in context: Lessons from the SARS Pandemic of 2003

Soon after SARS was discovered, labs around the world shared information in search of a cure.
… As the world grapples with the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, it is important to remember that this … Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Video production by Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Audio production by Paul … team includes Editors Nicholas Breyfogle, Steven Conn and David Steigerwald; Managing Editors Lauren Henry, Sarah …
Cover of A Decade of Upheaval: The Cultural Revolution in Rural China by Dong Guoqiang and Andrew G. Walder.

The View from the Countryside

Review of A Decade of Upheaval: The Cultural Revolution in Rural China, by Dong Guoqiang & Andrew G. Walder (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2021)
… October 1976, was responsible for the most severe setback and the heaviest losses suffered by the Party, the state and the people since the founding of the People's Republic.” … following the failure of the Great Leap Forward (1958—1962) and his fear that enemies in the Chinese Communist Party …