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Margaret Gorman, winner of the first Miss America Pageant in 1922.

Beauty Pageants and American Politics

… even his Presidential bid, owe much to beauty pageants and the culture they have helped to create. Long before Trump … season past Labor Day, what this event really offered was a public referendum on women’s place in American life. … tune in once a year to rate women in their bathing suits when you can do so every day from your smart phone? Today, …
Tanks rolling off a German assembly line in 1943

The Nature of World War II

… Ernie Pyle sat above a newly constructed port in Sicily—the island near Italy's toe that Anglo-American forces had … eleven months later, the Sicily campaign—Operation Husky—was the largest seaborne invasion in history, involving an … it was also a war that shaped and was shaped by nature. “When we send an expedition to Sicily, where does it begin?” …
US Marines fight rebellious Boxers outside Beijing Legation Quarter, 1900 – copy of painting by Sergeant John Clymer

The Boxer Rebellion

The Boxers, or  Yihequan (“Righteous and Harmonious Fists” … powers had de facto sovereignty over Chinese territory, was one of the most degrading aspects of Western imperialism … foreign delegations that had held out for six weeks. When it became clear that the Eight-nations would take the

'The World's Worst Humanitarian Crisis': Understanding the Darfur Conflict

… For the past four years, the remote Sudanese region of Darfur … and Central African Republic. The population of Darfur was estimated in 2002 at about six million, eighty percent … of Darfur. The Mahdist state ruled the Sudan until 1898 when it was conquered by the Anglo-Egyptian armies. …
Refugees eating lunch outside the barracks.

Waiting in Limbo: Life as a Refugee in Serbia

… Graffiti outside of the Belgrade barracks. I met Jamil in Subotica, Serbia, 15 … Serbia, and after nine failed attempts to enter Hungary, he was growing increasingly hopeless. Jamil is from Swat, … with thermal cameras and alarms that will notify guards when people are approaching. One fence severely restricted …
Mikhail Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan posing for a photograph in the White House Library.

The American “Nation Building” Mission and Russia

… During this political campaign, which has largely focused on the eye-glazing details of domestic issues, the most … that the Clinton administration had "played like there was reform" in Russia while corrupt Moscow officials … Bush team was too slow to provide substantial financial aid when it would have mattered most, for example, and Clinton …

The Amazon Rainforest under Threat

… On August 21, 2019, #PrayForAmazonas became the top trending hashtag on Twitter after the combination of … resources to fight the fires, concluding that there was little it could do. August 22, 2019 tweet by French … First, however, let’s make it clear exactly what we mean when we use the term “the Amazon.” An animated NASA map …
Image of Pluto from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft taken on July 13, 2015.

Discovering Pluto

… Percival Lowell was a prominent astronomer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries who believed in the … had meticulously analyzed about one-quarter of the plates when he spotted a faint image flickering in and out of view. …
Taylor Swift at the 2014 Costume Institute Gala at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

2/12/2015: Top Ten Origins: Oscar Dresses and Women’s Fashion

… Raise your hand if you watch the annual Oscar awards primarily for the fashion show, not … mimicked the look of women in ancient statuary. This style was popular throughout the First French Empire, 1804-1814, … for easy movement, often accentuated with fringe trim, when dancing the lively dances of the Jazz Age. 5. Body …
Cover of Philanthropy in America: A History by Olivier Zunz.

The Gifts That Keep On Giving

Review of Philanthropy in America: A History, by Olivier Zunz (Princeton University Press, 2012)
… fund every year at levels comparable to annual budget of the Pentagon? Answer: the non-profit sector. Olivier Zunz … and in return a small denominational college in New Haven was named after him. Benjamin Franklin helped found several … at one point, "but were subject to a host of legal hurdles when they attempted to desegregate them, assist in voter …
Riot police officers in Kyiv, December 2013

A Postcard from Kyiv: A Year of Reckoning for Ukraine

… From the Editors: 2014 was a year of tremendous and unfinished … an ailment of a generation of people: why did I survive when others died? Maybe I'm more base, more cunning, a … our way in life? What will we answer in a few years, when children want to know about 2014 and ask, "Why did …
portion of a movie poster for the movie Mary Queen of Scots, directed by Josie Rourke

At the Movies: Mary Queen of Scots

… men are…” This remark by Elizabeth I sums up perfectly the heart and soul of Mary Queen of Scots (2018). The film … This is also a story of the sixteenth century when female monarchs were a new phenomenon in Europe. The sixteenth century was ushered in with Isabella I of Castile securely on the
Ita Ford and Dorothy Kazel, two of the murdered women of El Salvador

The Murdered Churchwomen in El Salvador

The four murdered churchwomen from left to right: Maura … who believed that anyone who opposed the military regime was a communist, including religious figures. This slogan, … They believed in the words of Archbishop Romero when he said, “Christ invites us not to fear persecution …
Abovian Among the Kurds, painting by Mkrtich Sedrakyan, 1950. (Image from author's personal collection, courtesy of the Khachatur Abovian House-Museum, Yerevan, Armenia.)

Top Ten Origins: Russia’s Relations with the Kurds

… Russia’s cooperation with the Kurds of Iraq and Syria in the fight against ISIL has … these pleasant tidings with the curious Yazidis, the poet was relieved to find that they were far from being the … melody “at three in the afternoon and worked until two AM.” When it was performed at a dress rehearsal the following …
First Lady Michelle Obama reading a Dr. Seuss book to children at the White House.

Celebrating the “Seussentennial”

… Yet another generation of moviegoers and read-to children have been … of new fans and their parents know that Theodor S. Geisel was born one hundred years ago this month. Who? While most … through his pursuit of industrial wealth. Similarly, when we’re “off to great places . . . off and away . . .” …
Cartoon by Ali Delim in honor of 20th anniversary of Said Mekbel’s killing. The cartoon reads: “Said Mekbel in Heaven for journalists. Here it is not the quills that are missing.” (Cartoon used with permission)

1/30/2015: The Dangers of Being a Humorist: Charlie Hebdo Is Not Alone

The juxtaposition of laughter and tragedy in the Charlie … have missed, however, is that the January 7 th attack was by no means the first time that extremists have murdered … and murdered in September 1995, while Dorbane died when a bomb that militants had placed near the offices of …
Aerial view of Pearl Harbor, October 1941

Pearl Harbor

… December 7th marks the anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Few … and the United States came to the Pacific in late 1941 was of little surprise to any knowledgeable government or … attack, gloomily evaluated Japanese chances for success when he declared to the Japanese prime minister, “In the
Female governors left to right, Nellie Tayloe Ross, Ella T. Grasso, Kay Orr, and Gretchen Whitmer.

A Century of Elected Woman Governors in the United States, 1924-2024

… On November 4, 1924, voters elected the first woman governor in the United States. While two … Primary election earlier that year, which at the time was but a technicality (Texas was largely a one-party … governors were reelected at the end of their first terms. When Ross reran for office in 1926, she was no longer …
A promotional still from the 1951 Broadway production of The King and I

Top Ten Origins: Historical Musicals

… Musicals are the quintessential American dramatic art form, combining … historical characters from folklore. One of the most famous was Evangeline, or The Belle of Acadia, and was based on … cement the relationship between New York and the theater, when his administration founded a public school to train …
An influenza hospital at Camp Funston

The 1918 Flu Pandemic

… November 1918 was the deadliest month of the greatest pandemic in recorded … flu vaccine . Burying victims of the Spanish Flu in Canada. When the first cases of the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic …
President George W. Bush and his wife Laura listening to a Missouri elementary student read aloud to them.

Can Bush Avoid the Curse of Re-election?

… declared that he’d “earned capital, political capital” in the election and that he intended to spend it during his … with an administration’s use of executive power. But when a president wins re-election, his opponents have an … second term of Richard M. Nixon. No other presidency was less popular with the liberal press, which relished the
Cover of A Tale of Two Monasteries: Westminster and Saint-Denis in the Thirteenth Century by William Chester Jordan.

To Serve God and the King?

Review of A Tale of Two Monasteries: Westminster and Saint-Denis in the Thirteenth Century, by William Chester Jordan (Princeton University Press, 2009)
… Great abbeys such as Westminster and Saint-Denis were among the most organizationally complex and bureaucratically advanced entities operating below the level … with their monarchs; as it is today, Westminster was then the coronation hall of English kings, while …
Monti's parents receive his Medal of Honor from President Barack Obama during a ceremony in the White House, September 17, 2009.

Leave the Medal of Honor Alone!

… On Sept. 17, 2009, President Obama will present the Medal of Honor to the parents of Army Staff Sgt. Jared C. Monti for “conspicuous gallantry.” Monti, 30, was serving with the 10th Mountain Division when he was killed in a battle at Gowardesh, Afghanistan. …