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The Rodina crew. Left to right: Polina Osipenko, Valentina Grizodubova, and Marina Raskova.

The Rodina Flight

The Remarkable Story of the Women’s Non-Stop Long-Distance Flight Record
… miles in a straight line).  Plans for the women’s flight commenced three months earlier in August 1938. Valeriy … date to late September. By the time she recovered, a state commission recommended canceling the flight due to poor … 15. Shevchenko, Nikolay, “How Three Soviet Women Nearly Died Chasing their Aviation Dream, Gateway to Russia , …
Under Attlee's direction, the Labour Party's position on foreign affairs in the 1930s was somewhat inconsistent. A believer in the "collective security" represented by the League of Nations, Attlee opposed rearmament even as he pushed for firmer measures against Nazi aggression.

A Sheep in Sheep’s Clothing

Review of Clement Attlee: The Man Who Made Modern Britain, by John Bew (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2017).
… – the Labour Party emerged from the 1945 election with a commanding majority in the House of Commons – Attlee achieved what no other Labour leader had … to resume power again in the not-too-distant future. For his part, Attlee remained the leader of the …
A portrait of Martin Luther King, Jr.

The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

… Memphis, a pall of shock and sadness blanketed the black community. Anguish soon turned to anger. Fearing a riot, the … by violence. And so it had to be the fire this time. A soldier standing guard following riots in Washington, D.C. … while he was alive declared the movement over when he died. A pin for the Poor People's Campaign showing Dr. …
Buildings along a waterfront in China

China and Africa: Historical Perspectives on a Rising Power

… first forged during an earlier era of Sino-American competition. Yet looking at Chinese engagement in Africa … Title VI grant to The Ohio State University East Asian Studies Center, the Goldberg Center for Teaching Excellence in … buying in the g7 countries, as they kind of flesh out their future plans. And the person writes, when they worked at the …
George Holliday's footage of Rodney King being beaten by police in 1991

The 1992 Los Angeles Rebellion: “No Justice, No Peace”

… evidence of the LAPD’s excessive use of force and confirmed complaints of police brutality made by black and Latino … of the 1960s, this was a multiracial rebellion. Studies found that 50.6 percent of those arrested were Latino … focused on the ways that law enforcement could control future civil unrest. While Mayor Bradley promoted economic …

All Politics is Local: Understanding Boko Haram

… The consensus among many academics, journalists, and commentators is that Boko Haram is an Islamist organization … the most powerful person in Borno. Muhammad al-Kanami died in 1838, and was succeeded by his sons. The last of … it would reach a widespread and linguistically diverse audience. According to Paul Newman, who is among the foremost …
A COVID-19 antigen testing center in Warora, Maharashtra, India.

The Deep Roots of India’s COVID-19 Crisis

… patients’ access to lifesaving medical assistance, all compounded by the emergence of a new variant that may be … to challenge the underlying health inequities that have become so glaringly apparent in India’s second coronavirus … health services for all people, is the only way to combat future pandemics and prevent the scale of tragedy we are …

Down and Out (Again): America’s Long Struggle with Mass Unemployment

… Accurate employment statistics for the period are hard to come by, but according to some accounts, the national … the unemployed. In some cities, mayors established these bodies. Elsewhere, they were founded and run by private … committee to study how the United States could stave off future economic downturns. By the end of the 1920s, the …

The Road to Same-Sex Marriage: Lesbian Mothers, Gay Fathers, and the American Family

… of Lesbians and Gays Everywhere—organizations that had come out of gay-father activism of the 1980s—wrote a brief … with children have laid the groundwork for what has now become a central focus on domestic and family rights in the … characterized by a mixture of hope for a different kind of future and anxieties about the impact that their sexuality …
We Are Our Mountains (Tatik u Papik) Monument, Stepanakert.

A Postcard from Nagorno-Karabakh

… historical monuments and churches.  Sadly, it has become the center of a major feud between Armenians and … citizen even boasted of the low unemployment in Karabakh compared to neighboring Armenia. Nagorno-Karabakh is home to … of Vazgen Sargsyan, Karabakh War military commander and the future Prime Minister of Armenia. Gagik Avsharyan T-72 Tank …
John Filo's iconic photograph of Mary Ann Vecchio kneeling over the body of Jeffrey Miller

Kent State after Fifty Years

… antiwar movement, Black Power, and the generation gap had come even to Ohio. As the iconoclastic journalist I.F. Stone … Guard moved on campus and pushed students from the central Commons back toward the dorms. Having done so, the Guard’s … back at the Guard. Some chucked rocks; others jeered the soldiers. Many students described the atmosphere as almost …
June 4th, 2014, at Hong Kong’s Victoria Park (Photo by the author)

Remembering Tiananmen: The View from Hong Kong

… In between memory and forgetting, there is commemoration . On June 4, 1989 a protest in Beijing’s … But even those who survived would remember that they studied to “save the nation” ( jiuguo ). The students of 1989 … To this day the judgment of the Party stands: PLA soldiers were martyred suppressing “counterrevolutionary …

Currency Wars, or Why You Should Care About the Global Struggle Over the Value of Money

… the late 1990s and Argentina in the early 2000s. Various studies have found that currency appreciation played a role in … contained. Trade in East Asia was fueled in part by silver coins from Mexico. Prior to the Meiji Restoration of 1868 in … inaccurately to trade protectionism. Despite being refuted again and again by economists and historians, this …
View of the Solovetskii Monastery.

A Postcard from Solovki

… stand at the bow of the ferry as the water of the White Sea comes in wave after wave through the hole in the gunwale for … and the cold climate would test their spirits and their bodies each day. A Diverse Landscape: The forest on Solovki … Zayatskii Island. It’s a reminder that as we plan for our future on this planet, we have to plan for change: in the …

Private Matter or Public Crisis? Defining and Responding to Domestic Violence

… the elevator. (Photo Credit, AP)  In late July 2014, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell also handed Rice a two game … closest to God, could use physical violence to punish disobedient wives, children, or servants. In Puritan society and … home, especially violence that was meant to control “disobedient” wives, was acceptable persisted. This idea, combined …
Artist representation of data security and privacy. Large eye peeks through an open window.

These Machines Know Too Damn Much

… narrative says technology is to blame—that after mainframe computers burst onto the scene in the middle of the … fragmented sloppily across digital tape, could never die; that the notion of an inescapable past was somehow … forced to settle for “sectoral” or patchwork policy remedies that regulated different industries such as banking or …

The Illegalization of Marijuana: A Brief History

… in the realm of alternative medicine, and few clinical studies have been conducted to confirm specific claims. After … title “Marijuana, Assassin of Youth.” It was surely no coincidence that the scare movie Reefer Madness came a year … the law. The mild pleasures of the drug itself seemed to refute the logic of the laws against it. By 1965, the epidemic …
Happy 2nd Lieutenant William Robertson and Lt. Alexander Sylvashko, Soviet Army, shown in front of sign [East Meets West] symbolizing the historic meeting of the Soviet and American Armies, near Torgau, Germany, 1945.

Top Ten Origins: The Best Moments in U.S.-Russian Relations

… many friendly moments as well. These constructive episodes complicate a history that is often painted as invariably … alliance was the historic meeting of Soviet and American soldiers on the Elbe River in Germany on April 25, 1945. The … where they spent two weeks in 1983. Unfortunately, Smith died in a tragic plane crash in 1985, but her letter set the …
L to R - Indigenous, African American, and Jewish Peoples

Ideas of Race and Racism in History

… for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this content do not necessarily … problems that our children are going to be facing in the future unless we take seriously the role of race and racism … geographies, political ecology, science and technology studies and tribal cultural resource preservation. Smiles …
A displaced woman sits on a bed next to the remnants of her burnt house in Khor Abeche, South Darfur, 2014. UN Photo/Albert Gonzalez Farran, UNAMID

Sahelian Arabs and their Role in the Sudan War

… RSF as terrorists. Yasir al-Atta, the Sudanese army deputy commander, said in an interview on August 3, 2024, that the … of resources, the Arabian Peninsula would at times become over-populated. This led to mass migrations across the … Sudanese writer al-Sadiq al Raziqui wrote on Al-Jazeera’s website that mercenaries returning from  Yemen in 2019 were …

Human Rights at a Crossroads

… to question the authority of international governing bodies. His campaign slogan, “Make America Great Again,” is a … U.S. soldiers just as they were returning from overseas combat ( left ). The opening session of the League of … In his 1960 book, The Conscience of a Conservative, future presidential candidate Barry Goldwater rejected …